Inequalities for numerical invariants of sets of matrices (Q1399232): Difference between revisions

This paper generalizes norm and spectral radius inequalities for single matrices to bounded sets of matrices. Namely, the following statement which follows from the Cayley-Hamilton theorem: if \(A \in {\mathbb C}^{n,n}\) then \(\|A^n\|\leq (2^n-1) \rho (A) \|A\|^{n-1}\), can be extended to bounded subsets \(\Sigma \subset {\mathbb C}^{n,n}\): \(\|\Sigma^n\|\leq C\;{\mathcal {R}}(\Sigma) \|\Sigma\|^{n-1}\) for a constant \(C = C(n)\), every bounded subset \(\Sigma\) of \(n\) by \(n\) matrices, and every matrix norm on \({\mathbb C}^{n,n}\). Here \(\Sigma^n\) denotes the set of all products with \(n\) factors from \(\Sigma\) and \({\mathcal {R}}(\Sigma) = \lim_{n \to \infty} \|\Sigma^n\|^{^{1/n}}\) in analogy to the spectral radius theorem \(\rho (A) = \lim_{n \to \infty} \|A^n\|^{^{1/n}}\) for a single matrix \(A\). A further result of the paper is the inequality \({\mathcal {R}}(\Sigma) \leq C_2 \max_{j \leq k} \rho(\Sigma^j)^{^{1/j}}\) with universal constants \(C_2 = C_2(n)\) and \(k=k(n)\) depending only on the dimension \(n\), but not on \(\Sigma \subset {\mathbb C}^{n,n}\). The latter inequality implies the generalized spectral radius theorem of \textit{M. A. Berger} and \textit{Y. Wang} [ibid. 166, 21-27 (1992; Zbl 0818.15006)]. The proofs are topological and use geometric invariant theory, as well as the Cayley-Hamilton theorem.