Calderón-Zygmund operators related to Jacobi expansions (Q692618): Difference between revisions

The paper contains a systematic treatment of several fundamental operators in harmonic analysis related to Jacobi expansions, i.e., expansions with respect to the normalized trigonometric polynomials \[ \mathcal P^{\alpha,\beta}_n(\theta)=c_n^{\alpha,\beta}P^{\alpha,\beta}_n(\cos\theta), \] where \(P^{\alpha,\beta}_n\) stands for the standard \(n\)-th degree Jacobi polynomial of type \(\alpha,\beta>-1\). The system \(\{\mathcal P^{\alpha,\beta}_n: n\geq0\}\) is orthonormal and complete in \(L^2((0,\pi), d\mu_{\alpha,\beta})\), where \[ d\mu_{\alpha,\beta}(\theta)=\Big(\sin\frac\theta2\Big)^{2\alpha+1}\Big(\cos\frac\theta2\Big)^{2\beta+1}. \] Moreover, each \(\mathcal P^{\alpha,\beta}_n\) is an eigenfunction of the Jacobi operator \[ \mathcal J^{\alpha,\beta}=- \frac{d^2}{d\theta^2}-\frac{\alpha-\beta+(\alpha+\beta+1)\cos\theta}{\sin\theta}\frac{d}{d\theta}+\Big(\frac{\alpha+\beta+1}2\Big)^2. \] The operator \(\mathcal J^{\alpha,\beta}\), symmetric and nonnegative when initially considered on \(C^\infty_c(0,\pi)\), has a natural self-adjoint extension in \(L^2(d\mu_{\alpha,\beta}) \) still denoted by the same symbol \(\mathcal J^{\alpha,\beta}\). The thorough spectral analysis of \(\mathcal J^{\alpha,\beta}\) presented in the paper covers the following objects: Riesz-Jacobi transforms of arbitrary orders, imaginary powers of the Jacobi operator, the Jacobi-Poisson semigroup maximal operator, mixed square functions of arbitrary orders based on the Jacobi-Poisson semigroup. The main result of the paper, Theorem 2.1, says that, under the (natural) restriction \(\alpha,\beta\geq-1/2\), the aforementioned operators are either scalar-valued or (can be viewed as) vector-valued Calderón-Zygmund operators in the sense of the space of homogeneous type \(((0,\pi), d\mu_{\alpha,\beta},|\cdot|) \), where \(|\cdot|\) denotes the ordinary distance in \((0,\pi)\). Consequently, mapping properties of the considered operators, including weighted \(L^p\) estimates, follow by the general theory. To prove suitable kernel estimates for the considered operators the authors use an explicit formula for the Jacobi-Poisson kernel in terms of a symmetric double-integral representation. This explicit formula contained in Proposition 4.1 is cleverly derived by applying a product formula for Jacobi polynomials due to [\textit{A. Dijksma} and \textit{T. H. Koornwinder}, Nederl. Akad. Wet., Proc., Ser. A 74, 191--196 (1971; Zbl 0209.09302)].