Fixed points of circle actions on spaces with rational cohomology of \(S^n\vee S^2n\vee S^{3n}\) or \(P^2(n)\vee S^{3n}\) (Q1018043): Difference between revisions

The fixed point set of an action on the product of two spheres has been studied in detail by several people. The question has been considered for a larger class of spaces \(X\) introduced by \textit{H. Toda} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 14, 89--95 (1963; Zbl 0114.39701)]. These spaces have the rational cohomology isomorphic to that of the wedge sum of \(S^n\vee S^{2n}\vee S^{3n}\) or \(P^2(n)\vee S^{3n}\). The fixed point set of an \(S^1\)-action on those spaces has been studied with the exception when the rational cohomology ring satisfies \(u_1\cup u_2=0\) for \(u_1, u_2\) generators of \(H^n(X,\mathbb Q)\), \(H^{2n}(X,\mathbb Q)\), respectively. The main result of the paper under review is to describe the rational cohomology ring of the fixed point set of an \(S^1\)-action on those spaces. Using the convention that \(X \sim_{\mathbb Q}Y\) means that \(X,Y\) have isomorphic cohomology rings, the present author proves two result where one is under the hypothesis that \(X\) is totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\) and the other is under the hypothesis that \(X\) is not totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\). He proves: Theorem 1. Let \(G=S^1\) act on a finitistic space \(X\) of type \((a,0)\) with fixed point set \(F\). Suppose that \(X\) is totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\), then \(F\) has at most four components satisfying the following: {\parindent=4,5mm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] If \(F\) has four components, then each is acyclic and \(n\) is even. \item[2.] If \(F\) has three components, then \(n\) is even and \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r \cup \{\text{point}_1\}\cup\{\text{point}_2\}\) for some even integer \(2\leq r \leq 3n\). \item[3.] If \(F\) has two components, then either \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r \cup S^s\) or \(S^r \vee S^s\cup\{\text{point}\}\) for some integers \(1\leq r, s \leq 3n\) or \(F\sim_Q P^2(r)\cup\{\text{point}\}\) for some even integer \(2\leq r \leq 3n\). \item[4.] If \(F\) has one component, then either \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r \vee S^s \vee S^t\) for some integers \(1\leq r, s, t \leq 3n\) or \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^s\vee P^2(r)\) for some integers \(1\leq r \leq n\) and \(1\leq s \leq 3n\). \end{itemize}} Moreover, if \(n\) is even, then \(X\) is always totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\). Further, all the cases are realizable. Theorem 2. Let \(G=S^1\) act on a finitistic space \(X\) of type \((a,0)\) with fixed point set \(F\). Suppose that \(X\) is not totally non-homologous to zero in \(X_G\), then either \(F=\emptyset\) or has \(F\sim_{\mathbb Q} S^r\), where \(1\leq r\), \(3n\) is an odd integer. Moreover, the second possibility is realizable. The author uses cohomological methods on transformation groups.