Right coideal subalgebras in \(U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})\) (Q2474289): Difference between revisions

Right (or left) coideal subalgebras of a Hopf algebra play an important role in many questions, essentially as the adequate substitutes of `subgroups', since Hopf subalgebras are very scarce in general. Let \(H\) be a character Hopf algebra, that is \(H\) is pointed, generated in degree one, and the group of group-likes \(G(H)\) is abelian. Then any right coideal subalgebra that contains \(G(H)\) has a PBW-basis which can be extended to a PBW-basis of \(H\) [\textit{V. K. Kharchenko}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 360, No. 10, 5121--5143 (2008; Zbl 1165.16023)]. Starting from this general result, Kharchenko classifies all right coideal subalgebras containing \(G(H)\) when \(H\) is a multiparameter version of \(U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})\), provided that \(q\) is not a root of 1 (some calculations were performed with a computer program by the second-named author, V. Lara Sahagon). A key step is the classification of all right coideal subalgebras containing \(G(H)\) of the Borel subalgebra \(U_q^+(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})\); as a consequence of this last result, an analogous classification for right coideal subalgebras that intersect \(G\) in a subgroup is given. In particular, there are exactly \((n+1)!\), that is the order of the Weyl group, right coideal subalgebras of \(U_q^+(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})\). Similar results for the homogeneous right coideal subalgebras of the finite-dimensional Lusztig quantum group \(u_q(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})\) are given. It is worth to mention that the results in the present paper were extended to the quantum versions of \(\mathfrak{so}_{n+1}\) in [\textit{V. Kharchenko}, ``Right coideal subalgebras in \(U^+_q(so_{2n+1})\)'', arXiv:0908.4235v1]. In particular, it was conjectured in this last paper that the number of right coideal subalgebras of the Borel subalgebra \(U_q^+(\mathfrak{g})\) containing the group of group-likes equals the order of the Weyl group \(W\) for any for simple Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\), \(q\) not a root of 1. The conjecture was verified for \(\mathfrak{g}\) of type \(G_2\) in [\textit{B. Pogorelsky}, J. Algebra 322, No. 7, 2335--2354 (2009)]. Recently, the conjecture was proved in full generality in [\textit{I. Heckenberger} and \textit{H.-J. Schneider}, ``Right coideal subalgebras of Nichols algebras and the Duflo order on the Weyl groupoid'', arXiv:0909.0293v1]; actually, it was shown in \textit{loc.~cit.} that there is an order-preserving bijection between between \(W\) and the set of all right coideal subalgebras of the Borel subalgebra \(U_q^+(\mathfrak{g})\) containing the group of group-likes, where right coideal subalgebras are ordered by inclusion and \(W\) is ordered by the Duflo order. It turns out that the right coideal subalgebras arising in this classification are essentially well-known in the theory of quantum groups, see \textit{e.~g.} [\textit{G. Lusztig}, Introduction to quantum groups. Progress in Mathematics (Boston, Mass.). 110. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser (1993; Zbl 0788.17010)].