A dependence with complete connections approach to generalized Rényi continued fractions (Q2179844): Difference between revisions

The authors study continued fractions associated with the one parameter family of interval maps of the form \[ T_u(x)=\frac{1}{u(1-x)}-\left\lfloor \frac{1}{u(1-x)}\right\rfloor, \] where \(u>0,x\in [0,1)\), \(\lfloor\cdot\rfloor\) denotes the floor function, for the values \(u=1/N, N\geq 2\) an integer. They refer to this continued fraction as \textit{Rényi-type continued fraction\/} and \(T_{1/N}\) is indicated by \(R_N\). The transformation \(T_u\) was addressed by \textit{K. Gröchenig} and \textit{A. Haas} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 16, No. 6, 1241--1274 (1996; Zbl 0884.58040)]. These, and general related transformatins, have been looked into with regard to dynamical properties and lead to a wide range of connections between continued fractions, diophantine approximatioon, ergodiic theory and hyperbolic geometry, cf. the Introduction section in the paper under review. The Rényi-type continued fraction transformation \(R_N[0,1]\rightarrow [0,1]\) is defined by \[ R_N(x)=\begin{cases} \frac{1}{u(1-x)}-\left\lfloor \frac{1}{u(1-x)}\right\rfloor,\ x\in [0,1),\\ 0\hspace{2.9cm} x=1,\end{cases} \] and the asssociated continued fraction is given by \[ x=1-\frac{\left.\ \ \ N\ \ \ \right|}{\left| 1+a_1\right.}-\frac{\left.\ \ \ N\ \ \ \right|}{\left| 1+a_2\right.}-\frac{\left.\ \ \ N\ \ \ \right|}{\left| 1+a_3\right.}-\cdots=[a_1,a_2,a_3,\cdots]_R, \] where the digits \(a_n(x), n\in\mathbb{N}_{+}\) are defined as \[ \begin{cases}a_n=a_n(x)=a_1\left(R_N^{n-1}(x)\right),\ n\geq 1\ (R_N^{0}(x)=x)\\ a_1=a_1(x)=\begin{cases}\left\lfloor\frac{N}{1-x}\right\rfloor\hbox{ if }x\not= 1,\\ \infty\ \hbox{ if }x=1.\end{cases}\end{cases} \] This continued fraction can be seen as a measure preserving dynamical system \(([0,1],\mathcal{B}_{[0,1]}, R_N, \rho_N)\) with \(\mathcal{B}_{[0,1]}\) the \(\sigma\)-algebra of Borel subsets of \([0,1]\) and \[\rho_N(A)=\frac{1}{\log{\left(\frac{N}{N-1}\right)}}\int_A\,\frac{dx}{x+N-1},\ A\in \mathcal{B}_{[0,1]}\] is the invariant probability measure under \(R_N\). The layout of the paper is as follows: \S1. Introduction (\(2\) pages) \S2. Rényi-type continued fractionexpansions as dynamical system (\(2\) pages) \S3. The probabilistic structure of \(\{a_n\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}_{+}}\) under the Lebesgue measure (\(2\) pages) Results are Proposition 3.1 (Brodén-Borel-Lévy-type formula) and Proposition 3.2 (the probabilistic structure of the digits \(a_n\) under the lebesgue measure on \([0,1]\)). \S4. Natural extension and extended random variables (\(3\) pages) Main result Theorem 4.3 (featuring the natural extension\(\overline{R}_N\) and \(\overline{\rho}_N\) to \([0,1]^2\) with the Borel sets on the unit square). \S5. Perron-Frobenius operators (\(2\) pages) Defined through the Radon-nikodym theorem as the unique linear and positive operator on the Banach space \(L^1([0,1]),\mu\) for a specificprobability measure \(\mu\). \S6. Random systems with complete connections and the Gauss-Kuzmin-type problem (\(8\frac{1}{2}\) pages) This type of system is often called an iterated function system; main results in Theorem 6.6 (associated Markov chain being a Doeblin-Fortet operator), Theorem 6.7 (an a compact Markov chain being ordered and the existence of a special transition probability function), Theorem 6.16 (a Gauss-Kuzmin-type theorem for \(R_N\)). References (contains \(23\) items)