Response solutions in singularly perturbed, quasi-periodically forced nonlinear oscillators (Q6057186): Difference between revisions

The authors study the existence and stability behaviour of response solutions for singularly perturbed, quasi-periodically forced oscillators in the form \[ \tag{\(*\)} \dot{\theta} = \omega, \qquad \dot{z} = A(\varepsilon)z + \varepsilon^{\alpha + \beta} f (\theta, z, \varepsilon), \qquad (\theta, z) \in \mathbb{T}^d \times \mathbb{R}^2, \] where \(\alpha \in \mathbb{R}\) and \(\beta > 0\) are constants, \(\varepsilon > 0\) is a sufficiently small number, \(A\) is a \(2 \times 2\) matrix-valued function with possible singularity for \(\varepsilon = 0\), \(f\) is a sufficiently smooth function, and \(\omega \in \mathbb{R}^d\) is a Diophantine frequency vector satisfying \[ \left| \left\langle k, \omega \right\rangle \right| > \frac{\gamma}{|k|^\tau}, \qquad k \in \mathbb{Z}^d \setminus \{0\} \] for Diophantine constants \(\gamma > 0\) and \(\tau > d - 1\). The so-called normal form in \((\ast)\) is considered in the following three situations: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] \[ A(\varepsilon) = \begin{pmatrix} \varepsilon^{\alpha_1} \lambda_1 (\varepsilon) & 0 \\ 0 &\varepsilon^{\alpha_2} \lambda_2 (\varepsilon) \end{pmatrix}, \] where \(\alpha_1, \alpha_2 \in \mathbb{R}\) satisfy \(\max \{\alpha_1, \alpha_2\} = \alpha\) and \(\lambda_i \in C^1 [0, 1]\) satisfy \(\lambda_i (0) \ne 0\), \(i \in \{1, 2\}\); \item[2.] \[ A(\varepsilon) = \varepsilon^{\alpha} \begin{pmatrix} \lambda_2 (\varepsilon) & \lambda_1 (\varepsilon) \\ -\lambda_1 (\varepsilon) &\lambda_2 (\varepsilon) \end{pmatrix}, \] where \(\lambda_i \in C^1 [0, 1]\) satisfy \(\lambda_i (0) \ne 0\), \(i \in \{1, 2\}\); \item[3.] \[ A(\varepsilon) = \varepsilon^{\alpha}\begin{pmatrix} 0 & \lambda (\varepsilon) \\ -\lambda (\varepsilon) &0 \end{pmatrix}, \] where \(\lambda \in C^1 [0, 1]\) satisfies \(\lambda (0) \ne 0\) and \(\alpha \ne 0\). \end{itemize} The paper consists of four sections. The main result is formulated in Section 1, where many remarks are mentioned as well. Preliminaries (with lemmas) are collected in Section 2. Applying analytic approximations, KAM iterations, and Whitney extensions, the main result is proved in Section 3. The paper is finished by applications of the main result for the following three classes of quasi-periodically forced non-linear oscillators: strongly damped oscillators; damping-free oscillators with large potentials; degenerate harmonic oscillators.