Spectral theory of a class of canonical differential systems (Q1580167)

Consider the canonical differential system \[ {{dY}\over{dx}}=izJ{\mathcal H}(x)Y,\qquad 0\leq x<\infty, \] where \({\mathcal H}(x)\) is a complex-valued continuous nonnegative \(2m\times 2m\) matrix function, \[ J=(\delta_{i+j,2m+1})_{i,j=1}^{2m}, \] there exists a diagonalizing transformation \(T(x)\) of class \(C^1\) such that \(J{\mathcal H}(x)T(x)=T(x)D\) with \(D=\text{diag}(d_1,\ldots,d_m,0,\ldots,0)\) and \(T(x)jT(x)^*=J\) with \(j=\text{diag}(1,\ldots,1,-1,\ldots,-1)\), and \(Y(x,z)\) is a \(2m\times 1\) column vector. Putting \(A(x)=-T(x)^{-1}(dT(x)/dx)\), we define \(P_1(x,z)\) and \(P_2(x,z)\) as the \(m\times m\) matrix functions solving the linear system \[ dP_1/dx= izDP_1+A_{11}(x)P_1+A_{12}(x)P_2, \quad P_1(0,z)=S_{12}(0), \] \[ dP_2/dx=A_{21}(x)P_1,\quad P_2(0,z)=S_{22}(0), \] where the \(2m\times 2m\)-matrices \(A(x)\) and \(S(x)=T(x)^{-1}\) have been written as \(2\times 2\)-matrices having \(m\times m\)-matrices as their entries. The author gives detailed proofs of two theorems stated without proof by \textit{M. G. Krein} [Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 105, No. 4, 637-640 (1955; Zbl 0068.28502)]. The second such theorem states that the limit \({\mathcal P}(z)=\lim_{x\to+\infty} P_2(x,z)\) exists uniformly in \(z\) on compact subsets of the open right \(z\)-halfplane if and only if the spectral measure \(\tau(\lambda)\) satisfies \[ \int_{-\infty}^\infty{{\log\det\tau^\prime(\lambda)}\over{1+\lambda^2}} >-\infty. \] When this condition on \(\tau\) is fulfilled, a procedure for finding the spectral measure from \({\mathcal P}(z)\) is given.