First integrals of local analytic differential systems (Q414802)

The authors study the existence of formal and analytic first integrals of local analytic ordinary differential equations near a singular point. The natural approach to study this problem is via the Poincaré--Dulac normal forms. The authors establish (in fact proved in a previous work) the following result: If there exists a formal first integral for a system in the Poincaré-Dulac normal form then every homogeneous part of the formal first integral is also a first integral for the semisimple part of the linearization of the original system. From this result the following corollary is established: If the semisimple part of the linearization of the original system admits only constant polynomial first integrals then the only formal first integrals of the original system are the contants. Thus, we see that the first integrals of the semisimple part of the linearization of the original system may be seen as ``conserved'' by the normal form, and every first integral of a system in normal form arises in this way. These results have a narrow relation with the results presented in [\textit{J. Giné} and \textit{X. Santallusia}, Essential variables in the integrability problem of planar vector fields Physics Letters A, Volume 375, Issue 3, 17 January 2011, Pages 291--297 (2011)]. In the present paper the maximal scenario is characterized and discussed in which all such first integrals are conserved by the system transformed to Poincaré-Dulac normal form. It is proved that conservation of first integrals may even imply the existence of a convergent normalizing transformation for analytic systems. It is also shown that all first integrals are conserved for certain classes of reversible systems. In the last sections they investigate the case of linearization with zero eigenvalues, where some known results are generalized, and they consider a three-dimensional generalization of the quadratic Dulac--Frommer center problem.