Classification and Liouville-type theorems for semilinear elliptic equations in unbounded domains (Q2128857)

This article discusses the classification of stable and finite Morse index solutions to general semilinear elliptic equations posed in Euclidean space of dimension \(N\leq 11\). There are a number of results dealing with the stable solutions of \(-\Delta u=f(u)\) in \(\Omega\) as stated below. Recall that \(u\) is a stable solution if \[ \int_\Omega f'(u) \varphi dx\leq \int_\Omega |\nabla \varphi|^2\quad\mbox{ for all }\varphi\in C^\infty_0(\Omega). \] Theorem 1. If \(f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}\) is a nonegative and Lipshitz function and \(u\in C^2(\mathbb{R}^N)\), \(N\leq 10\), is a stable solutions of \(-\Delta u=f(u)\) in \(\mathbb{R}^N\) that is bounded from below, then \(u\) is constant. Theorem 2. If \(f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}\) is a nonegative and Lipshitz function and \(u\in C^2(\mathbb{R}^N)\), \(N\leq 9\), is a stable solutions of \(-\Delta u=f(u)\) in \(\mathbb{R}^N\) and satisfies \(u(x)\geq -C\ln(2+|x|)\) for all \(x\in \mathbb{R}^N\), then \(u\) is constant. Theorem 3. Assume \(u\in C^2(\overline{\mathbb{R}_+^N})\) is a bounded solution of \(-\Delta u=f(u)\), \(u>0\) in \(\mathbb{R}_+^N\), \(u=0\) on \(\partial \mathbb{R}_+^N\). Assume \(f\in C^1(\mathbb{R})\) and (i) either \(f(t)\geq 0\) for \(t\geq 0\); (ii) or there exists \(z>0\) such that \(f(t)\geq 0\) for \(t\in [0, z]\) and \(f(t)\leq 0\) for \(t\in [z, \infty)\). If \(2\leq N\leq 10\), then \(u\) must be one-dimensional and monotone, that is, \(u=u(x_N)\) and \(\partial u/\partial x_N>0\). Further results concern elliptic problems with Neumann conditions or when the domain is a coercive epigraph.