A generic effective Oppenheim theorem for systems of forms
Recently, there has been a growing interest in effective versions of Margulis's result resolving an old conjecture of Oppenheim. The basic question in this area is : given \(\xi \in \mathbb{R}\) and \(\varepsilon>0,\) how large must \(x \in \mathbb{Z}^{n} \) be so that \(|Q(x)-\xi|<\varepsilon ?\) \textit{E. Lindenstrauss} and \textit{G. Margulis} [Isr. J. Math. 203, 445--499 (2014; Zbl 1308.37002)] found a logarithmic in \(\varepsilon\) bound for \(x\), for a large class of quadratic forms satisfying an explicit Diophantine condition. The second author et al. [Am. J. Math. 142, No. 6, 1945--1979 (2020; Zbl 1498.11168)] used effective mean ergodic theorems and duality techniques to show that one can do much better for a generic form. However, as far as the classical Oppenheim problem is concerned, their result gives the best possible result only in dimension 3. \textit{J. S. Athreya} and \textit{G. A. Margulis} [J. Mod. Dyn. 12, 9--16 (2018; Zbl 1454.11126)] used Rogers second moment formula in the space of lattices to obtain result in all dimensions for the special case \(\xi=0\). For further reference see [the second author et al., ``Effective density for inhomogeneous quadratic forms. II: Fixed forms and generic shifts, Preprint, \url{arXiv:2001.10990}]. For natural generalization of Oppenheim type problems to systems of forms not much is known. Initially, [\textit{S. G. Dani} and \textit{G. A. Margulis}, Math. Ann. 286, No. 1--3, 101--128 (1990; Zbl 0679.22007)] considered this problem for the density of a pair of a quadratic form and a linear form in 3 variables which was generalized by \textit{A. Gorodnik} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 356, No. 11, 4447--4463 (2004; Zbl 1051.11034)] to four or more variables. The general problem of establishing quantitative and effective versions of Oppenheim type conjectures for systems of forms seems wide open. In this paper, counting results with error term, as well as effective theorems for a generic system comprising a quadratic form and a system of linear forms have been proved. The proof uses Rogers' formula. The main new ingredient is a volume calculation.
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