Algebraic groups over the field with one element

DOI10.1007/S00209-011-0855-1MaRDI QIDQ431252zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Oliver Lorscheid

Publication date 26 June 2012

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.3824

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Varieties over finite and local fields (11G25) Finite ground fields in algebraic geometry (14G15) Group schemes (14L15) Group actions on varieties or schemes (quotients) (14L30)

Abstract: Remarks in a paper by Jacques Tits from 1956 led to a philosophy how a theory of split reductive groups over $F_1$, the so-called field with one element, should look like. Namely, every split reductive group over $$ should descend to $F_1$, and its group of $F_1$-rational points should be its Weyl group. We connect the notion of a torified variety to the notion of $F_1$-schemes as introduced by Connes and Consani. This yields models of toric varieties, Schubert varieties and split reductive groups as $Fun$-schemes. We endow the class of $F_1$-schemes with two classes of morphisms, one leading to a satisfying notion of $F_1$-rational points, the other leading to the notion of an algebraic group over $F_1$ such that every split reductive group is defined as an algebraic group over $F_1$. Furthermore, we show that certain combinatorics that are expected from parabolic subgroups of $GL(n)$ and Grassmann varieties are realized in this theory.

Review text

In 1957, Jacques Tits asked whether there existed a ``field with one element \({\mathbb F}_1\) such that every split reductive group \(G\) over \(\mathbb Z\) is defined over \({\mathbb F}_1\) and \(G({\mathbb F}_1)\) equals the Weyl group of \(G\). Many people have provided different approaches to this problem, but up to the current paper, they failed to produce group objects over \({\mathbb F}_1\). In this paper, the author takes up the definition of schemes over \({\mathbb F}_1\) given by \textit{A. Connes} and \textit{C. Consani} [Compos. Math. 146, No. 6, 1383--1415 (2010; Zbl 1201.14001)] and he enlarges the class of morphisms considerably to arrive at a category which is flexible enough to contain a group object for a given \(G\), which base changes to \(G\) and satisfies Tits's postulate.

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Cited in

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• \(\mathbb{F}_{1}\) for everyone
• Algebraic K-theory and Grothendieck-Witt theory of monoid schemes
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