An elementary and constructive solution to Hilbert’s 17th Problem for matrices

DOI10.1090/S0002-9939-07-09068-5MaRDI QIDQ5429425zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Christopher J. Hillar, Jiawang Nie

Publication date 30 November 2007

Published in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0610388

zbMATH Keywords

Artin's theoremHilbert's 17th problempositive semidefinite matrixreal closed fieldsum of squares

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Fields related with sums of squares (formally real fields, Pythagorean fields, etc.) (12D15) Real algebra (13J30) Canonical forms, reductions, classification (15A21) Matrices over function rings in one or more variables (15A54)

Abstract: We give a short and elementary proof of a theorem of Procesi, Schacher and (independently) Gondard, Ribenboim that generalizes a famous result of Artin. Let $A$ be an $nimesn$ symmetric matrix with entries in the polynomial ring $mathbbR[x_1,\mathrm{...},x_m]$. The result is that if $A$ is postive semidefinite for all substitutions $(x_1,\mathrm{...},x_m)inmathbb{R}^m$, then $A$ can be expressed as a sum of squares of symmetric matrices with entries in $mathbbR(x_1,\mathrm{...},x_m)$. Moreover, our proof is constructive and gives explicit representations modulo the scalar case.

Recommendations

• Positivstellensätze for polynomial matrices
• On Hilbert's 17th problem in low degree
• Positive symmetric functions
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4202480
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 421671

Cites work

• A non-commutative real Nullstellensatz and Hilbert's 17th problem
• Characterization of a class of matrices as sums of squares
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3467247 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3307642 (Why is no real title available?)
• Matrix Analysis
• Model Theory
• Positive semidefinite biquadratic forms

Cited in

(21)

• Positive symmetric functions
• Positivstellensätze for polynomial matrices
• Symmetry reduction of states. II: A non-commutative positivstellensatz for \(\mathbb{C} \mathbb{P}^n\)
• Positive semidefinite univariate matrix polynomials
• Sums of squares. II: Matrix functions
• Sums of squares over totally real fields are rational sums of squares
• Polynomial norms
• Determinantal representations and Bézoutians
• Hilbert's 17th problem in free skew fields
• Dehomogenization for completely positive tensors
• Rational Generalized Nash Equilibrium Problems
• Generalized truncated moment problems with unbounded sets
• Noncommutative Positivstellensätze for pairs representation-vector
• Finite convergence of moment-SOS relaxations with nonreal radical ideals
• Real Nullstellensatz for 2-step nilpotent Lie algebras
• Finite convergence of the moment-SOS hierarchy for polynomial matrix optimization
• Polynomial optimization relaxations for generalized semi-infinite programs
• Distributionally robust optimization with polynomial robust constraints
• Algebraic degrees of generalized Nash equilibrium problems
• Lagrange multiplier expressions for matrix polynomial optimization and tight relaxations
• The Procesi-Schacher conjecture and Hilbert's 17th problem for algebras with involution.

This page was built for publication: An elementary and constructive solution to Hilbert’s 17th Problem for matrices

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q5429425)