Characterization of half-radial matrices

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2018.09.012MaRDI QIDQ1794329zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Petr Tichý, Iveta Hnetynkova

Publication date 15 October 2018

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.10407

zbMATH Keywords

Crouzeix's conjecturefield of valuesnumerical radiussingular subspaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inequalities involving eigenvalues and eigenvectors (15A42) Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory (15A60) Numerical range, numerical radius (47A12)

Abstract: Numerical radius $r(A)$ is the radius of the smallest ball with the center at zero containing the field of values of a given square matrix $A$. It is well known that $r(A)leq|A|leq2r(A)$, where $|cdot|$ is the matrix 2-norm. Matrices attaining the lower bound are called radial, and have been analyzed thoroughly. This is not the case for matrices attaining the upper bound where only partial results are available. In this paper we consider matrices satisfying $r(A)=|A|/2$, and call them half-radial. We summarize the existing results and formulate new ones. In particular, we investigate their singular value decomposition and algebraic structure, and provide other necessary and sufficient conditions for a matrix to be half-radial. Based on that, we study the extreme case of the attainable constant~$2$ in Crouzeix's conjecture. The presented results support the conjecture of Greenbaum and Overton, that the Crabb-Choi-Crouzeix matrix always plays an important role in this extreme case.

Review text

The authors give necessary and sufficient conditions characterizing half-radial matrices, i.e., such that \(r(A)=\frac{1}{2}\|A\|\), where \(r(A)\) is the numerical radius of a square matrix \(A\). They study their algebraic structure, their singular left- and right-subspaces corresponding to the maximum singular value and other properties. Based on these results, the authors also study the extreme case of the attainable constant \(2\) in the Crouzeix conjecture. Motivated by a conjecture by \textit{A. Greenbaum} and \textit{M. L. Overton} [Linear Algebra Appl. 542, 225--245 (2018; Zbl 1415.15021)] and using a theorem by \textit{M. J. Crabb} [Mich. Math. J. 18, 253--256 (1971; Zbl 0198.17204)], the authors show that a matrix \(A\) reaches the upper bound in the Crouzeix inequality with constant \(2\) for some monomial if and only if its scalar multiple can be unitarily transformed to a block diagonal form with one block being a Crabb-Choi-Crouzeix matrix.

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Cites work

• A proof of Crouzeix's conjecture for a class of matrices
• Bounds for analytical functions of matrices
• Constants related to operators of class \(C_\rho\)
• Convex domains and K-spectral sets
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 47926 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 635657 (Why is no real title available?)
• Numerical investigation of Crouzeix's conjecture
• Numerical range and functional calculus in Hilbert space
• On matrices having equal spectral radius and spectral norm
• The numerical range is a \((1+\sqrt{2})\)-spectral set
• The powers of an operator of numerical radius one

Cited in

(1)

• Partial smoothness of the numerical radius at matrices whose fields of values are disks

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