Cleft extensions of Hopf algebroids.

DOI10.1007/S10485-006-9043-6MaRDI QIDQ863168zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Tomasz Brzeziński, Gabriella Böhm

Publication date 25 January 2007

Published in Applied Categorical Structures (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0510253

antipodes cleft extensions comodule algebras crossed products Hopf algebras Hopf algebroids left bialgebras left bialgebroids left coproducts

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: The notions of a cleft extension and a cross product with a Hopf algebroid are introduced and studied. In particular it is shown that an extension (with a Hopf algebroid

H = (H_{L}, H_{R})

) is cleft if and only if it is

H_{R}

-Galois and has a normal basis property relative to the base ring

L

of

H_{L}

. Cleft extensions are identified as crossed products with invertible cocycles. The relationship between the equivalence classes of crossed products and gauge transformations is established. Strong connections in cleft extensions are classified and sufficient conditions are derived for the Chern-Galois characters to be independent on the choice of strong connections. The results concerning cleft extensions and crossed product are then extended to the case of weak cleft extensions of Hopf algebroids hereby defined.

Review text

A left bialgebroid \(H\) over a (possibly non-commutative) base algebra \(L\) has an \(L\otimes L^{op}\)-ring structure and an \(L\)-coring structure with some compatibility conditions. There is an analagous definition of right bialgebroid. A Hopf algebroid \(H\) has both a left bialgebra structure \((H,L)\) and a right bialgebra structure \((H,R)\) with connecting axioms which imply that the left coproduct is \(R\)-\(R\) bilinear and the right coproduct is \(L\)-\(L\) bilinear. It also has an antipode \(S\colon H\to H\) which is an \(R\otimes L\)-\(R\otimes L\) bilinear map which satisfies a property analogous (but more complicated than) the convolution inverse of the identity map property of the antipode of an ordinary Hopf algebra. Comodule algebras are defined for bialgebroids and Hopf algebroids, and coinvariants are defined. Let \(H\) be a Hopf algebroid, \(A\) a right \(H\)-comodule algebra, \(B\) the \(H\)-coinvariants of \(A\). The extension \(A\) of \(B\) is called \(H\)-cleft if (1) \(A\) is an \(L\)-ring and \(B\) is an \(L\)-subring of \(A\), and (2) There exists a convolution invertible left \(L\)-linear right \(H\)-colinear morphism of \(H\) into \(A\). The main theorem of the paper states that the extension \(A\) of \(B\) is \(H\)-cleft if and only if (a) \(A\) is an \((H,R)\)-Galois extension of \(B\), and (b) \(A\) is isomorphic to \(B\otimes_LH\) as left \(B\)-modules and right \(H\)-comodules. The Galois condition refers to the right bialgebroid \((H,R)\), whereas the normal basis property is with respect to the left bialgebroid \((H,L)\). The paper also studies crossed products with Hopf algebroids. In particular, cleft exensions are identified as crossed products with invertible cocycles. The relationship between equivalence classes of crossed products and gauge transformations is established.

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