Collision of control sets

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Control-affine systems of the form \[ \dot x=X_0(x)+ \sum^m_{i=1} u_i(t)X_i(x); \tag{1} \] \(u\in U=\{u\in L_\infty (\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R}^m)\), \(u(t)= (u_i(t))\in U\) for almost all \(t\in \mathbb{R}\}\), where \(X_0,\dots, X_m\) are \(C^\infty\)-vector fields on a Riemannian manifold \(M\) and \(U\) is a nonvoid convex compact subset \(\mathbb{R}^m\), are considered. The associated control flow is given by \(\Phi:\mathbb{R}\times U\times M\to U\times M\), \(\Phi_t(u,x)= (u(t^+\cdot)\), \(\varphi (t,x,u))\), where \(\varphi(t,x,u)\) is the unique solution of (1) with \(\varphi (0,x,u)=x\). With the weak* topology of \(L_\infty (\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R}^m)\) on \(U,\Phi\) becomes a continuous dynamical system. Control sets, chain control sets and local accessible control sets are defined. The control sets and chain control sets correspond to the topologically transitive components and the chain transitive components, respectively, of \(\Phi\). Qualitative changes occur when an invariant control set intersects the closure of another control set. The main result is that if an invariant control set \(C\) intersects another control set \(D\), there exists a \(\partial C\)-control set in \(C\cap\text{cl} D\). The situation assuming local accessibility is discussed. There are results of Poincaré-Bendixson type. Some numerically computed examples are presented. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0968.00013].











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