Diagonalization of certain block operator matrices and applications to Dirac operators
accretive operatorclosable block operator matricescontractionDirac operatorKrein spacespectral space
PDEs in connection with relativity and gravitational theory (35Q75) Spaces with indefinite inner product (Kre?n spaces, Pontryagin spaces, etc.) (46C20) Structure theory of linear operators (47A65) Linear accretive operators, dissipative operators, etc. (47B44) Linear operators on spaces with an indefinite metric (47B50)
The paper under review concerns closable block operator matrices \(\widetilde{A}_0=\left(\begin{smallmatrix} A & B\\ B^* & D\end{smallmatrix}\right)\) acting in a direct sum Hilbert space \(\widetilde{\mathcal H}={\mathcal H}\oplus\widehat{\mathcal H}\). The main aim is to find conditions such that for the closure \(\widetilde{A}\) of \(\widetilde{A}_0\) a decomposition \(\widetilde{\mathcal H}=\widetilde{\mathcal L}_{+}\mathop{+}\limits^{.} \widetilde{\mathcal L}_{-}\) with \(\widetilde{A}\)-invariant subspaces holds, with \(\sigma(\widetilde{A}\mid\widetilde{\mathcal L}_{\pm})=\sigma(\widetilde{A}) \cap{\mathbb C}_{\pm}\) and such that these subspaces admit representations \[ \widetilde{\mathcal L}_{+}=\left\{{x\choose K_{+}x}:x\in{\mathcal H}\right\} \text{ and } \widetilde{\mathcal L}_{-}=\left\{{K_{-}\widehat{x}\choose\widehat{x}}: \widehat{x}\in\widehat{\mathcal H}\right\}, \] where \(K_{+}\) is a contraction from \({\mathcal H}\) into \(\widehat{\mathcal H}\), while \(K_{-}\) is a contraction from \(\widehat{\mathcal H}\) into \({\mathcal H}\). The main technical tool is a decomposition of a Krein space into a direct sum of a maximal nonnegative subspace and a maximal nonpositive subspace, the decomposition being performed by means of an accretive operator acting in that Krein space. The abstract results of the paper are then applied to the Dirac operator with a potential in the space \(L_2({\mathbb R}^3)^4=L_2({\mathbb R}^3)^2\oplus L_2({\mathbb R}^3)^2\). In particular, a diagonalization of the Dirac operator is obtained. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0954.00037].
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