Differentiability of Lipschitz functions in Lebesgue null sets
\textit{H. Rademacher} [Math. Ann. 79, 340--359 (1920; JFM 47.0243.01)] proved that a Lipschitz map between Euclidean spaces is differentiable almost everywhere. A natural question to ask is to what extent does a converse of this theorem hold. One possible question is: given a set of measure zero \(N\subset \mathbb{R}^n\) is there a Lipschitz map \(f: \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}^m\) that is not differentiable at any point in \(N\)? It turns out that the answer depends on the relationship between the dimensions \(m\) and \(n\). \textit{Z. Zahorski} [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 74, 147--178 (1946; Zbl 0061.11302)] proved the following stronger result for \(m=n=1\): a set \(N\subset \mathbb{R}\) is the set of points of non differentiability of a Lipschitz function if and only if \(N\) is a \(G_{\delta\sigma}\) set of measure zero (note that each set of measure zero is contained in a \(G_{\delta\sigma}\) set of measure zero). On the other hand, \textit{D. Preiss} proved in [J. Funct. Anal. 91, No. 2, 312--345 (1990; Zbl 0711.46036)] that there is a \(G_{\delta\sigma}\) set of measure zero in the plane such that each real-valued Lipschitz function has a point of differentiability in \(N\). As he remarks in the same paper, an analogous result is true for \(n>m=1\). \textit{G. Alberti} et al. deal with the two-dimensional case in [in: Proceedings of the international congress of mathematicians (ICM 2010), Hyderabad, India, 2010. Vol. III: Invited lectures. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific; New Delhi: Hindustan Book Agency. 1379--1394 (2011; Zbl 1251.26010)]. Additionally, they provide an ingredient for the proof of announced results by \textit{M. Csörnyei} and \textit{P. Jones} [``Product formulas for measures and applications to analysis and geometry, Preprint] stating that the converse of Rademacher's theorem is true for \(m\geq n\). The paper under review completes the picture. The authors show that for \(n>1\) and \(m=n-1\) (implying the same result for \(1\leq m\leq n-1\)) there is a null set \(N\subset \mathbb{R}^n\) containing a point of differentiability for every Lipschitz map \(f: \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}^m\). One important ingredient in the proof is the porosity of the set of the so-called irregular points; roughly speaking these are the points where we lack uniformity when we speak about differentiability. The crucial property of porous sets (roughly put, sets with large holes on arbitrarily small scales) that is used here is that they have measure zero with respect to certain measures. The proof is inspired by techniques stemming from the setting of (infinite-dimensional) Banach spaces detailed in [\textit{J. Lindenstrauss} et al., Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz functions and porous sets in Banach spaces. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press (2012; Zbl 1241.26001)]. The methods are used for finding a point of differentiability nearby regular points.
- Lipschitz functions with unexpectedly large sets of nondifferentiability points
- A compact null set containing a differentiability point of every Lipschitz function
- A simple proof of Zahorski's description of non-differentiability sets of Lipschitz functions
- Cone unrectifiable sets and non-differentiability of Lipschitz functions
- A simple proof of the Rademacher theorem
- Some results about big and little lip
- A compact universal differentiability set with Hausdorff dimension one
- On the derivability of Lipschitz functions
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5776160
- Differentiability inside sets with Minkowski dimension one
- A differentiable structure for metric measure spaces
- A simple proof of Zahorski's description of non-differentiability sets of Lipschitz functions
- A universal differentiability set in Banach spaces with separable dual
- Almost Fréchet differentiability of finitely many Lipschitz functions
- Differentiability inside sets with Minkowski dimension one
- Differentiability of Lipschitz functions on Banach spaces
- Differentiability of Lipschitz functions on metric measure spaces
- Differentiability of Lipschitz functions, structure of null sets, and other problems
- Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz functions and porous sets in Banach spaces
- Hausdorff dimension and doubling measures on metric spaces
- Hausdorff dimension and quasisymmetric mappings.
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 722611 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1404748 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3099952 (Why is no real title available?)
- Lectures on analysis on metric spaces
- On \(\sigma\)-porous sets in abstract spaces
- On Fréchet differentiability of Lipschitz maps between Banach spaces
- POINTS OF $\varepsilon$ -DIFFERENTIABILITY OF LIPSCHITZ FUNCTIONS FROM ${\bb R}^n$ TO ${\bb R}^{n-1}$
- Porosity and -porosity
- Structure of measures in Lipschitz differentiability spaces
- Surfaces meeting porous sets in positive measure
- A simple proof of Zahorski's description of non-differentiability sets of Lipschitz functions
- On the theorem of Rademacher
- Nowhere differentiable Lipschitz maps and the Radon-Nikodým property
- On the singular part of measures constrained by linear PDEs and applications
- Universal differentiability sets and maximal directional derivatives in Carnot groups
- Some results about big and little lip
- Non-Lipschitz differentiable functions on slit domains
- Lusin type theorems for Radon measures
- Structure of porous sets in Carnot groups
- Density estimate from below in relation to a conjecture of A. Zygmund on Lipschitz differentiation
- Porosity and differentiability of Lipschitz maps from stratified groups to Banach homogeneous groups
- Points of differentiability of the norm in Lipschitz-free spaces
- Universal differentiability sets in Carnot groups of arbitrarily high step
- Cone unrectifiable sets and non-differentiability of Lipschitz functions
- A measure zero universal differentiability set in the Heisenberg group
- Porosity, differentiability and Pansu's theorem
- Lipschitz functions with unexpectedly large sets of nondifferentiability points
- On the differentiability of Lipschitz functions with respect to measures in the Euclidean space
- Removability of exceptional sets for differentiable and Lipschitz functions
- Differentiability of Lipschitz functions, structure of null sets, and other problems
- POINTS OF $\varepsilon$ -DIFFERENTIABILITY OF LIPSCHITZ FUNCTIONS FROM ${\bb R}^n$ TO ${\bb R}^{n-1}$
- On the structure of \({\mathcal A}\)-free measures and applications
- On sets of non-differentiability of Lipschitz and convex functions
- Surfaces meeting porous sets in positive measure
- On the Differentiability of Lipschitz-Besov Functions
- A simple proof of the Rademacher theorem
- Differentiable Functions which do not Satisfy a Uniform Lipschitz Condition of any Order
- Null Sets and Essentially Smooth Lipschitz Functions
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2058455 (Why is no real title available?)
- On the structure of universal differentiability sets.
- Gâteaux differentiability of cone-monotone and pointwise Lipschitz functions
- A dichotomy of sets via typical differentiability
- Dynamics of the scenery flow and geometry of measures
- Metric differentiability of Lipschitz maps
- An overview on Laakso spaces
- Maximal directional derivatives in Laakso space
- Universal differentiability sets in Laakso space
- Extreme non-differentiability of typical Lipschitz mappings
- Pseudotangents to Lipschitz curves
This page was built for publication: Differentiability of Lipschitz functions in Lebesgue null sets
Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2257728)
