Effective interactions due to quantum fluctuations

DOI10.1007/S002200050707MaRDI QIDQ1961078zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors D. Ueltschi, Roman Kotecký

Publication date 30 March 2000

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9804047

zbMATH Keywords

effective potentialinfinite ground-state degeneracyPeierls argumentquantum lattice model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

Abstract: Quantum lattice systems are rigorously studied at low temperatures. When the Hamiltonian of the system consists of a potential (diagonal) term and a - small - off-diagonal matrix containing typically quantum effects, such as a hopping matrix, we show that the latter creates an effective interaction between the particles. In the case that the potential matrix has infinitely many degenerate ground states, some of them may be stabilized by the effective potential. The low temperature phase diagram is thus a small deformation of the zero temperature phase diagram of the diagonal potential and the effective potential. As illustrations we discuss the asymmetric Hubbard model and the hard-core Bose-Hubbard model.

Review text

Quantum lattice models defined by Hamiltonians consisting of a classical part (diagonal in occupation numbers) perturbed by a small quantum (off-diagonal, hopping) term are considered at low temperature. Typical examples are the asymmetric Hubbard model and certain Bose-Hubbard models, of which the former has, while the latter do not have, residual entropy. The classical part may have an infinite number of ground configuration and is required to possess an energy gap to their excitations. Conditions are given under which the main effect of the quantum part can be described by a classical interaction, explicitly defined in terms of (lowest order sequences of) quantum transitions, and consists in the stabilization of a finite subset of ground configuration. The latter conditions are essentially (i) a Peierls condition on the classical model with the effective potential added; (ii) a bound on the effect of quantum transitions not included in the effective potential; (iii) a bound on the transitions connecting different ground configuartions. The main result, obtained by a generalized Peierls argument, is that the low-temperature phase diagram of the full quantum model is a small deformation of the zero temperature phase diagram of the classical effective model.

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• Local iterative block-diagonalization of gapped Hamiltonians: A new tool in singular perturbation theory
• Stability of charge density waves in electron-phonon systems
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