Expansion of normal subsets of odd-order elements in finite groups

DOI10.1112/JLMS.70534MaRDI QIDQ7228104zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Chris Parker, Jack Saunders

Publication date 13 April 2026

Published in Journal of the London Mathematical Society. Second Series (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1112/JLMS.70534

zbMATH Keywords

conjugacy classnormal subsetodd-order elementrational closuresoluble group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Finite simple groups and their classification (20D05) General structure theorems for groups (20E34) Conjugacy classes for groups (20E45)

Review text

Let \(G\) be a finite group and let \(K\) be a normal subset consisting of elements of odd order. The paper introduces the rational closure \(D K\), defined as the set of elements \(x\in G\) such that \(\langle x\rangle=\langle y\rangle\) for some \(y\in K\) and studies constraints on the expansion of \(K\) under products.\N\NOne of the main results shows that if \(K^2\subseteq D K\), then \(\langle K\rangle\) is soluble. The hypothesis does not require \(K\) to be non-empty or to avoid the identity, but the restriction to odd-order elements is essential, as demonstrated by explicit counterexamples when even-order elements are allowed. Several corollaries are derived, including a generalization of a result of \textit{R.~Guralnick} and \textit{G.~Navarro} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 144, No. 5, 1939--1945 (2016; Zbl 1346.20037)] to normal subsets and a partial confirmation of a conjecture on products of conjugacy classes.

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