Extracting coherent sets in aperiodically driven flows from generators of Mather semigroups
Dichotomy, trichotomy of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D09) Fokker-Planck equations (35Q84) Functional analytic techniques in dynamical systems; zeta functions, (Ruelle-Frobenius) transfer operators, etc. (37C30) Nonautonomous smooth dynamical systems (37C60) Computational methods for ergodic theory (approximation of invariant measures, computation of Lyapunov exponents, entropy, etc.) (37M25)
Coherent sets refer to time-dependent regions in the physical space of a nonautonomous dynamical system which exhibit little mixing with their neighborhoods, robustly under small random perturbations of the flow. Consequently, such sets can be used to describe the global long-term transport behavior of such systems. \N\NThe authors propose an analytical framework to extract such time-variant families of coherent sets for nonautonomous systems having an ergodic driving dynamics and (small) Brownian noise in physical space. Their approach involves the assembly and analysis of a linear operator acting on functions over the augmented space of the associated skew-product which, for each fixed state of the driving, propagates distributions on the corresponding physical-space fibre according to the dynamics. This time-dependent operator has the structure of a semigroup (it is known as evolution or Mather semigroup). \N\NA spectral analysis of the generator of this semigroup enables a trajectory-free computation of coherent families, simultaneously for all states of the driving. In addition, for quasi-periodically driven torus flows, a tailor-made Fourier discretization scheme for this generator is suggested. Finally, this approach is illustrated by means of three examples of two-dimensional flows.
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