First Steps in Descriptive Theory of Locales

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\textit{F. Hausdorff} and \textit{D. Montgomery} showed that in a completely metrizable space, the subspaces which are both \(F_ \sigma\) and \(G_ \delta\) coincide with those which can be expanded in an alternating series of closed sets. In arbitrary locales, the complemented elements of the lattice of sublocales are exactly the sublocales which can be expanded in an alternating series of closed sublocales. The main result: In metrizable locales, the complemented sublocales are the same as the sublocales which are at once \(F_ \sigma\) and \(O_ \delta\). The further interesting results: (1) In metrizable locales, pointless absolute \(O_ \delta\text{s}\) exist. (2) There are no nonzero pointless absolute \(F_ \sigma\text{s}\). (3) The pointless part of the real line is characterized as the only nonzero zero-dimensional pointless metrizable absolute \(O_ \delta\) with a countable base. (4) The pointless part of any nonzero metrizable space is not a countable join of nowhere dense sublocales. We remark, that a locale has a frame of open sublocales and a lattice of all sublocales, according to the author's interpretation.




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