Isometric embeddings of compact spaces into Banach spaces

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Abstract: We show the existence of a compact metric space K such that whenever K embeds isometrically into a Banach space Y, then any separable Banach space is linearly isometric to a subspace of Y. We also address the following related question: if a Banach space Y contains an isometric copy of the unit ball or of some special compact subset of a separable Banach space X, does it necessarily contain a subspace isometric to X? We answer positively this question when X is a polyhedral finite-dimensional space, c0 or ell1.


A subset \(M\) of a Banach space \(X\) is called an isometrically representing set if every Banach space containing a subset isometric to \(M\) already contains a subset isometric to \(X\). (By a result of \textit{G.\,Godefroy} and \textit{N.\,J.\thinspace Kalton} [Stud.\ Math.\ 159, No.\,1, 121--141 (2003; Zbl 1059.46058)], it must then contain a subspace linearly isometric to \(X\).) It seems to be unknown whether there are any Banach spaces without isometrically representing subsets. Here it is shown that every separable commutative unital \(C^*\)-algebra admits a compact isometrically representing set, and so does \(\ell_1\). A concrete description of these representing sets is given. It is also shown that every finite-dimensional polyhedral space is isometrically represented by its unit ball, and so is \(c_0\).




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