Isospectral flows for the inhomogeneous string density problem

DOI10.1007/S00332-018-9451-4MaRDI QIDQ1668681zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Andrzej Z. Górski, Jacek Szmigielski

Publication date 29 August 2018

Published in Journal of Nonlinear Science (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.01149

zbMATH Keywords

continued fractionsinhomogeneous stringisospectral flows

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Linear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B05) Boundary eigenvalue problems for ordinary differential equations (34B09) PDEs in connection with mechanics of particles and systems of particles (35Q70)

Abstract: We derive isospectral flows of the mass density in the string boundary value problem corresponding to general boundary conditions. In particular, we show that certain class of rational flows produces in a suitable limit all flows generated by polynomials in negative powers of the spectral parameter. We illustrate the theory with concrete examples of isospectral flows of discrete mass densities which we prove to be Hamiltonian and for which we provide explicit solutions of equations of motion in terms of Stieltjes continued fractions and Hankel determinants.

Review text

The paper deals with the boundary eigenvalue problem in the form \[ v_{xx} = -z \rho(x) v, \quad 0 < x < 1, \tag{1} \] \[ v_x(0) - h v(0) = 0, \quad v_x(1) + H v(1) = 0, \] where \(0 \leq h, H \leq \infty\), \(\rho\) is the linear mass density. One can derive equation (1), searching for normal modes of the inhomogeneous string wave equation \[ \rho(x) u_{\tau\tau} - u_{xx} = 0. \] The paper concerns isospectral deformations of the mass density \(\rho(x)\) in equation (1), leaving the spectrum invariant. The technique is based on the approach of \textit{K. Colville} et al. [Comm. Math. Phys. 348, No. 3, 771--802 (2016; Zbl 1354.35094)]. The ``time deformations in the form \(v_t = a v + b v_x\) are considered. The authors show that the class of rational flows \[ b = b_0 + \frac{b_{-1}}{z + \varepsilon} + \frac{b_{-2}}{(z + \varepsilon)^2} + \dots + \frac{b_{-k}}{(z + \varepsilon)^k} \] produces in a suitable limit all flows generated by polynomials in negative powers of the spectral parameter. As an example, the authors study the isospectral discrete strings \(\rho = \sum_{j = 1}^n m_j \delta_{x_j}\), \(0 < x_1 < x_2 < \dots < x_n < 1\). Those flows are proved to be Hamiltonian, and explicit solutions are provided for corresponding equations of motion in terms of Stieltjes continued fractions and Hankel determinants.

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Cited in

(7)

• A view of the peakon world through the lens of approximation theory
• Isospectral strings
• On some spectral problems and isospectral evolutions connected with the classical string problem
• On some spectral problems and isospectral evolutions connected with the classical string problem
• A 2‐component Camassa‐Holm Equation, Euler‐Bernoulli Beam Problem, and Noncommutative Continued Fractions
• On the peakon dynamical system of the second flow in the Camassa-Holm hierarchy
• On isospectral deformations of an inhomogeneous string

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