Cores for parabolic operators with unbounded coefficients (Q1014723)

The authors consider the following nonautonomous parabolic Cauchy problem: \[ \begin{cases} D_{s}u(s,x)=(\mathcal{A}u)(s,x), &s>r,\;x\in \mathbb R^N\\ u(r,x)=f(x), &x\in \mathbb R^{N} \end{cases} \quad (r\in \mathbb R) \] where \[ (\mathcal{A}u)(s,x)=\sum_{i,j=1}^{N}q_{ij}(s,x)D_{ij}u(s,x)+\sum_{i=1}^{N}b_{i}(s,x)D_{i}u(s,x),\quad s\in \mathbb R,\;x\in \mathbb R^{N} \] is a family of elliptic differential operators with unbounded coefficients defined in \(\mathbb R^{N+1}\). \textit{M. Kunze, L. Lorenzi} and \textit{A. Lunardi} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, No. 1, 169--198 (2010; Zbl 1184.35150)] proved that with suitable assumptions, the operator \(\mathcal{G}:=\mathcal{A}-D_{s}\) generates a semigroup of positive contractions \((\mathcal{T}_{p}(t))\) in \(L^{p}(\mathbb R^{N+1},\nu),\) for every \(1\leq p<+\infty,\) where \(\nu\) is an infinitesimally invariant measure of \((\mathcal{T}_{p}(t))\). In this paper, with some additional growth conditions on the coefficients of \(\mathcal{A}\), including exponential growth rate at \(\infty\), the authors provide two different cores for the infinitesimal generator \(G_{p}\) of \((\mathcal{T}_{p}(t)\) in \(L^{p}(\mathbb R^{N+1},\nu )\) for \(1\leq p<+\infty\), and they also give a partial characterization of \(D(G_{p})\). They also extend their results to the case where the coefficients of the operator \(\mathcal{A}\) are \(T\)-periodic with respect to the variable \(s\) for some \(T>0\).