On calibrated and separating sub-actions (Q1041290)

Let \(T: X\to X\) be a continuous covering map, on a compact metric space \(X\), whose inverse branches are uniformly strictly contracting, and let \(A: X\to\mathbb{R}\) be \(0\)-Hölder. Set \[ \overline A: \min_{\mu\in M_T}\int A\,d\mu, \] where \(M_T\) denotes the set of \(T\)-invariant Borel probability measures on \(X\). A continuous function \(u: X\to\mathbb{R}\) such that \(A-\overline A\geq u_\circ T-u\) is called a ``sub-action'', and its ``contact locus'' is the subset \(M_A(u)\) of \(X\) where equality holds. A point \(x\in X\) is said to be non-wandering if for any \(\varepsilon> 0\), there exists \(k\geq 1\) and \(y\in x\) such that \[ d(x,y)<\varepsilon,\;d(x,T^k(y))<\varepsilon\text{ and }\Biggl|\sum^{k-1}_{j=0} (A-\overline A)\circ T^j(y)\Biggr|< \varepsilon. \] The set \(\Omega(A)\) of non-wandering points is non-empty, compact, \(T\)-invariant, contains the support of \(A\)-minimizing measures \(\mu\in M_T\), and is contained in any contact-locus \(M_A(u)\). The main result of this article states that there exists a \(0\)-Hölder sub-action \(u\) such that \(\Omega(A)= M_A(u)\), and that moreover, such \(u\) are generic among all \(0\)-Hölder sub-actions. Then the authors provide a careful description of those sub-actions \(u\) which satisfy: \(u(x)=\min(u+ A-\overline A)(T^{-1}(x))\) for any \(x\in X\).