Quantum convolution of linearly recursive sequences (Q1375975)

Let \(k\) be a field, \(A=k[x]\). Then \(A\) is a Hopf algebra with \(x\) primitive under the comultiplication \(\Delta\) by putting \(\Delta x=1\otimes x+x\otimes 1\). Every element \(f\) in the dual Hopf algebra \(A^0\) is a linearly recursive sequence. Here the product of \(A^0\) is the convolution product *. In this paper, the main result is that if \(q\) is a root of unity in \(k\), then the space \(A^0\) of linearly recursive sequences is closed under the quantum convolution product \((f_n)*_q(g_n)=(h_n)\) where \(h_n=\sum^n_{i=0}{n\choose i}_qf_ig_{n-i}\). The authors also show that when \(q\) is not a root of unity in \(k\), \(A^0\) is not closed under the quantum convolution \(*_q\). The main result is proved in the framework of a duality result concerning bialgebras in the braided monoidal category of modules over a quasitriangular Hopf algebra. For this aim, the authors show that if \(H\) is a quasitriangular Hopf algebra with a bijective antipode \(S\), \(_HM\) the braided monoidal category of left \(H\)-modules and \(A\) a bialgebra in \(_HM\), then \(A^0\) is also a bialgebra in \(_HM\). This extends to Hopf algebras in \(_HM\). The same methods are used by the authors to determine which linearly recursive sequences are invertible under the quantum product and which are zero-divisors.