Perron-Frobenius type results on the numerical range (Q1601619)

The authors establish a connection between the shape of the numerical range and the intrinsic properties of a matrix, particularly for a nonnegative matrix when the results are analogous to the Perron Frobenius theory, especially concerning the irreducibility and cyclicity in the combinatorial sense and with more attention for polygonal, circular and elliptic numerical ranges. The approach is based on the Hermitian and skew-Hermitian parts of the matrix, as well as on \textit{B. W. Levinger}'s transformation [An inequality for nonnegative matrices. Notices Am. Math. Soc. 17, 60 (1970)]. Four examples illustrate the obtained results.