The \(L_{p}\)-Minkowski problem for \(-n < p < 1\) (Q1628430)

A convex body \(K\) in the \(n\)-dimensional Euclidean space \(\mathbb R^n\) is a compact convex set that has nonempty interior. \(\nu_K(x)\), \(x\in\partial K\), is the family of all unit exterior normal vectors at \(x\), in particular \(\nu_K(x)\) consists of a unique vector for \({\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}\) almost all \(x\in\partial K\), where \({\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}\) is the \((n-1)\)-dimensional Hausdorff measure. If \(\omega\subset\mathbb S^{n-1}\) is a Borel set in \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\), then a Borel measure on the unit sphere \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) of \(\mathbb R^n\) defined by \(S_K(\omega)={\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}(\nu_K^{-1}(\omega))\) is called the surface area measure of \(K\). In [J. Differ. Geom. 38, No. 1, 131--150 (1993; Zbl 0788.52007)], \textit{E. Lutwak} defined an \(L_p\) analogue of the surface area measure. If \(K\) in \(\mathbb R^n\) is a convex compact set, \(h_K(u)=\max\{\langle x,u\rangle;\;x\in K\}\) is its support function, \({\mathcal{K}}^n_0\) is the family of convex bodies in \(\mathbb R^n\) containing the origin \(0\), \(p\in\mathbb R\), and \(K\in{\mathcal{K}}^n_0\), then the \(L_p\)-surface area measure is defined by \(d S_{K,p}=h^{1-p}_KdS_K\). For \(p\in\mathbb R\), the \(L_p\)-Minkowski problem is to find the necessary and sufficient conditions on a finite Borel measure \(\mu\) on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) in order that \(\mu\) is the \(L_p\)-surface area measure of a convex body \(K\in{\mathcal{K}}^n_0\). Besides discrete measures, an important special class is that of Borel measures \(\mu\) on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) which have a density \(d\mu=f d{\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}\) for some non-negative measurable function \(f\) on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\). In this case, the \(L_p\)-Minkowski problem reduces to solving the Monge-Ampère type equation \(h^{1-p}\det(\nabla^2h+hI)=f\), where \(h\) is the unknown non-negative support function on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) to be found, \(\nabla^2h\) is the covariant Hessian matrix of \(h\) with respect to an orthonormal frame on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\), and \(I\) is the identity matrix. The original Minkowski problem, \(p=1\), was solved by himself in [Gött. Nachr. 1897, 198--219 (1897; JFM 28.0427.01)]. In [Adv. Math. 205, No. 1, 33--83 (2006; Zbl 1245.52001)], \textit{K.-S. Chou} and \textit{H.-J. Wang} solved the problem for the case \(n\neq p>1\) and showed that the solution is unique, in addition, if \(p>n\), then the origin lies in the interior of the solution \(K\). In [J. Differ. Equations 263, No. 8, 4997--5011 (2017; Zbl 1388.35047)], \textit{S. Chen, Q.-R. Li} and \textit{G. Zhu} showed that if \(p\in(0,1)\) and \(\mu\) is a finite Borel measure on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) not concentrated on a great subsphere, then \(\mu\) is the \(L_p\)-surface area measure of a convex body \(K\in{\mathcal{K}}^n_0\). In this paper, the authors discuss the \(L_p\)-Minkowski problem for \(p<1\). They show that if \(p\in(0,1)\), \(\mu\) is a non-trivial finite Borel measure on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\), \(L=\text{lin\,supp}\mu\), and either \(\text{supp}\mu\) spans \(\mathbb R^n\), or \(\dim L\leq n-1\) and \(\text{pos\, supp}\mu\neq L\), then \(\mu\) is the \(L_p\)-surface area measure of a convex body \(K\in{\mathcal{K}}^n_0\), where \(\text{pos}\,X\) denotes a positive hull of \(X\). In addition, if \(\mu\) is invariant under a closed subgroup \(G\) of \(O(n)\) acting as the identity on \(L^\perp\), then \(K\) can be chosen to be invariant under \(G\). Finally, they prove the main new result of the paper regarding the case \(p\in(-n,0)\). It is shown that if \(p\in(-n,0)\), and \(\mu\) is a non-trivial Borel measure on \(\mathbb S^{n-1}\) satisfying \(d\mu=f d{\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}\) for some non-negative measurable function \(f\) in \(L_{\frac{n}{n+p}}(\mathbb S^{n-1})\), then \(\mu\) is the \(L_p\)-surface area measure of a convex body \(K\in{\mathcal{K}}^n_0\). In addition, if \(\mu\) is invariant under a closed subgroup \(G\) of \(O(n)\), then \(K\) can be chosen to be invariant under \(G\).