Sharp mixed norm spherical restriction (Q1628433)

In this paper, the extremizers of the sharp mixed norm Fourier extension inequality \(\|\hat{f\mathrm{d}\sigma}\|_{L_{\mathrm{rad}}^q L_{\mathrm{ang}}^2} (\mathbb{R}^d) \leq C_{d, q} \|f\|_{L^2 (\mathbb{S}^{d-1}, \mathrm{d}\sigma)} (q > \frac{2d}{d-1})\) are investigated. The above inequality was established in Vega's thesis. It was shown that in order to be an extremizer of Vega's inequality, it is necessary and sufficient for a function to be a spherical harmonic of certain degree \(l\) such that a certain Bessel integral \(\Lambda_{d, q} (l)\) is not smaller than all other \(\Lambda_{d, q} (k)\) for \(k \geq 0\). It is then investigated for which range of \(q\) the constant functions are unique maximizers. This is equivalent to saying \(\Lambda_{d, q} (0)\) is strictly bigger than all \(\Lambda_{d, q} (k)\) for \(k > 0\). It is proved that this is indeed the case when \(q\) is an even integer (with the help of \(\delta\) calculus among other tools), and when \(q > (\frac{1}{2}+o(1)) d\log d\) and was conjectured for a much extended range of \(q\). Some numerics is accordingly done in low dimensions. This breaks the even exponent barrier in the sharp restriction theory for Vega's inequality. Moreover it is also verified that the constants are unique extremizers for Vega's inequality when \(q\) is the Tomas-Stein exponent for \(d=4\) or \(5\). It is also shown that (for a given dimension) the set of \(q\) for which constants are unique extremizers for Vega's inequality is open in the extended topology.