Spectral asymptotics for the Schrödinger operator on the line with spreading and oscillating potentials (Q1650671)

The low spectrum of the Schrödinger operator \[ -\mathcal{L}_{\epsilon ,\beta }=\epsilon ^\beta \dfrac{d^2}{dx^2}+q(x,\epsilon^{-1}x) \] is investigated, where \(\epsilon\), \(\beta \) are real numbers and the potential \(q\) is localised in the first variable and 1-periodic in the second variable. With \(\alpha =\beta (2-\beta )^{-1}\), \(\varepsilon =\epsilon ^{1-\beta /2}\) this operator is equivalent to \[ \mathcal{L}_{\varepsilon, \alpha }=-\dfrac{d^2}{dx^2}+q(\varepsilon ^\alpha x,\varepsilon^{-1}x). \] Two auxiliary potentials \(V_0\) and \(V_1\), uniquely determined by \(q\), and the auxiliary differential operator \[ \mathcal{L}_{\varepsilon, \alpha}^{\text{eff}}=-\dfrac{d^2}{dx^2}+\varepsilon ^2V_0(\varepsilon ^\alpha x) +\varepsilon ^{3+\alpha}V_1(\epsilon^\alpha x) \] are introduced. The \(n\)-th eigenvalue of \(\mathcal{L}_{\epsilon ,\alpha }\), indexed in increasing order, is denoted by \(\lambda _{n,\varepsilon ,\alpha}\), where \(\lambda _{n,\varepsilon,\alpha }=0\) if \(n\) is larger than the number of negative eigenvalues of \(\mathcal{L}_{\varepsilon ,\alpha }\). A corresponding notation is used for the eigenvalues \(\lambda _{n,\varepsilon ,\alpha }^{\text{eff}}\) of \(\mathcal{L}_{\varepsilon, \alpha }^{\text{eff}}\). Under suitable assumptions on the potential \(q\) it is shown that for \(\alpha >-1\) there is \(C>0\) such that for all \(n\in \mathbb{N} \) and \(\varepsilon \in(0,1]\) one has \[ |\lambda _{n,\varepsilon ,\alpha }-\lambda _{n,\varepsilon ,\alpha }^{\text{eff}}|\leq C\varepsilon ^{\min\{4,4(1+\alpha )\}}. \] In special cases, more detailed approximations as well as approximations for the eigenfunctions are given. The assumptions and results are too lengthy to be given here.