Proof of the Gorenstein interval conjecture in low socle degree (Q1714860)

Let \(A = R/I\) be a standard graded artinian algebra, where \(R= k[x_1, \dots, x_r]\) is a polynomial ring over a field \(k\) of characteristic zero and \(I\) is an homogenous ideal of \(R\). The Hilbert function (HF) of \(A\) is defined as \(h_i:= \dim_kA_i\) for all \(i \geq 0\). Let \(h = (h_1, \ldots, h_e)\) denote the \(h\)-vector of \(A\). Here \(e\) is the largest index such that \(h_e >0\) and is called the socle degree of \(A\). The authors are interested in the Gorenstein Interval Conjecture (GIC): Whenever \((1,h_1, \dots, h_i,\dots,h_{e-i}, \dots,h_{e-1},1)\) and \((1,h_1, \dots, h_{i+ \alpha} , \dots,h_{e-i + \alpha}, \dots,h_{e-1},1)\) are both Gorenstein Hilbert functions for some \(\alpha \geq 2\), then \((1,h_1,\dots,h_{i + \beta}, \dots , h_{e-i + \beta}, \dots , h_{e-1}, 1)\) is also Gorenstein for all \(\beta = 1, 2, \dots , \alpha- 1\) [\textit{F. Zanello}, J. Algebra 321, No. 10, 2705--2715 (2009; Zbl 1169.13008)]. The authors prove GIC for \(e \leq 5\). They use an important tool namely, the Macaulay Inverse system. The theory of Artin level algebras plays an important role in the proof of the main result. The proof of the main result is reduced to understanding the function \(f_e(r)\) which defined as the least possible degree \(2\) entry of a Gorenstein HF of socle degree \(e\) and comdimension \(r\). For more information on \(f_4(r)\) and \(f_5(r)\) see [\textit{R. P. Stanley}, in: Higher combinatorics. Boston: Dordrecht. 51--62 (1977; Zbl 0376.55007)], [\textit{J. Migliore} et al., Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 136, No. 8, 2755--2762 (2008; Zbl 1148.13011); J. Algebra 321, No. 5, 1510--1521 (2009; Zbl 1180.13020)].