A fixed point theorem on noncompact manifolds (Q1746041)

Let \(M\) be a Riemannian manifold and \(H\) a compact Lie group, acting isometrically on \(M\) and fix an element \(g \in H\). Denote by \(G\) a closed subgroup of \(H\) generated by \(g\), by \(R(G)_g := R(G)_{I_g}\) the localization of the representation ring at the prime ideal and by \(M^g\) the fixed point set at \(g\). Given two \(G\) \(C^{\ast}\)-algebras \(A, B\) the group \(KK_G(A, B)\) is a module over \(R(G)\) and \(KK_G(A, B)_g\) the corresponding localized module over \(R(G)_g\). The authors of the article under review consider the \(g\)-index \(\mathrm{index}_g : KK_{G}(M, \mathrm{pt}) \to \mathbb{C}\) whose definition relies on the existence and well-definedness of an appropriate localized restriction map \(KK_G(M, \mathrm{pt})_g \to KK_G(\mathrm{pt}, \mathrm{pt})_g \cong R(G)_g\). As the main result, assuming \(M^g\) is compact, they prove a generalization of the Atiyah-Segal-Singer fixed point formula: \[ \mathrm{index}_g(D) = \int_{T M^g} \frac{\mathrm{ch}([\sigma_{D|TM^g}(g)]) \mathrm{Todd}(T M^g \otimes \mathbb{C})}{\mathrm{ch}([\Lambda N_{\mathbb{C}}](g))} \] where \(D\) is an odd, essentially self-adjoint, elliptic differential operator with principal symbol \(\sigma_D\) and \(N\) the union of normal bundles of each connected component of \(M^g\). The main ingredients of the proof of the main result are properties of the localized equivariant Kasparov modules and wrong way functoriality maps. Kasparov's index theorem is used to obtain the cohomological form of the fixed point formula. The authors also include a proof of Kasparov's theorem. The paper concludes with various examples and applications of the results.