The Neumann-Siebenmann invariant and Seifert surgery (Q1779883)

Let \(S\) be a Seifert rational homology sphere with spin structure \(c\). Let \(\bar{\mu}(S,c)\) denote the Neumann-Siebenmann invariant of the pair \((S,c)\). In [Math. Res. Lett. 7, 757--766 (2000; Zbl 0971.57026)], \textit{Y. Fukumoto} and \textit{M. Furuta} defined an invariant of \(S\) which agrees with \(\bar{\mu}(S,c)\) up to sign for \(S\) an integral homology sphere or a spherical manifold. If \(S\) is an integral homology sphere, this relationship was used in [\textit{N. Saveliev}, Pac. J. Math. 205, 465--490 (2002; Zbl 1053.57012)] to demonstate the homology cobordism invariance of \(\bar{\mu}(S,c)\). In this paper, the author shows that \(\bar{\mu}(S,c)\) is a spin homology cobordism invariant for any pair \((S,c)\), with \(S\) a Seifert rational homology sphere. Moreover some constraints on when such a manifold \(S\) can be obtained by surgery on a knot in an integral homology sphere are given. These constraints are in terms of the Neumann-Siebenmann invariants, generalizing known results for spherical manifolds. These results fit nicely with current interest in exceptional surgeries on hyperbolic knots.