Simultaneous approximation by Bernstein polynomials with integer coefficients (Q1801174)

The author studies two modifications of the Bernstein polynomials for \(f\in C[0,1]\) and proves results for these modifications that have been proved before for the ordinary Bernstein polynomials The first modifications is due to \textit{L. V. Kantorovich} [Bull. Acad. Sci. URSS 1931, No. 9, 1163--1168 (1931; Zbl 0003.39102)] and uses \[ B_n(f)(x)=\sum_{k=0}^n\,\left[f\left({k\over n}\right){n\choose k} \right] x^k(1-x)^{n-k}, \] with \([\alpha]\) the largest integer less than or equal to \(\alpha\in \mathbb{R}\) (the \textit{entier}). The second one is \[ \tilde{B}_n(f)(x)=\sum_{k=0}^n\,\left\langle f\left({k\over n}\right){n\choose k} \right\rangle x^k(1-x)^{n-k}, \] where \(\langle\alpha\rangle\) is the integer for which the minimum \(\min_{m\in{\mathbb Z}}\,|\alpha -m|\) is attained (when \(\alpha\) is in the middle between two consecutive integers, either of these can be taken). The main results are Theorem 1.1. Let \(s\in{\mathbb N}\). Let \(f\in C^s[0,1]\) be such that \(f(0), f(1), f'(0), f'(1)\in{\mathbb Z}\) and \(f^{(i)}(0)=f^{(i)}(1)=0,\;2\leq i\leq s\). Moreover, let there exist an \(n_0\in [\mathbb N,n_0]\geq s\), such that \[ f\left( {k\over n}\right)\geq f(0)+{k\over n}\,f'(0),\quad 1\leq k\leq s,\quad n\geq n_0, \] \[ f\left( {k\over n}\right)\geq f(1)-\left(1-{k\over n}\right)\,f'(1),\quad n-s\leq k\leq n-1,\quad n\geq n_0. \] Then for \(n\geq n_0\) holds \[ \|(\widetilde{B}_n(f))^{(s)}-f^{(s)}\|\leq c \begin{cases}\omega_{\varphi}^2(f', n^{-1/2})+\omega_1(f', n^{-1})+{1\over n}, \quad s=1, \\ \omega_{\varphi}^2(f', n^{-1/2})+\omega_1(f', n^{-1})+{1\over n}\|f^{(s)}\| +{1\over n},\quad s\geq 2.\end{cases} \] The constant \(c\) is independent of \(f\) and \(n\). Theorem 1.3 Let \(s\in{\mathbb N}\). Let \(f\in C^s[0,1]\) be such that \(f(0), f(1), f'(0), f'(1)\in{\mathbb Z}\) and \(f^{(i)}(0)=f^{(i)}(1)=0,\;2\leq i\leq s\). Then \[ \|(\widehat{B}_n(f))^{(s)}-f^{(s)}\|\leq c\begin{cases} \omega_{\varphi}^2(f', n^{-1/2})+\omega_1(f', n^{-1})+{1\over n}, \quad s=1, \\ \omega_{\varphi}^2(f', n^{-1/2})+\omega_1(f', n^{-1})+{1\over n}\|f^{(s)}\| +{1\over n},\quad s\geq 2.\end{cases} \] The constant \(c\) is independent of \(f\) and \(n\). Moreover, the author proves the necessity of the assumptions in Theorems 1.1 and 1.3 in the Theorems 3.1 and 3.2. The paper uses the ordinary modulu of continuity \(\omega_1(\cdot,\cdot)\) in the sup-norm on \([0,1]\) and the Ditzian-Totik modulus of smoothness \(\omega_{\varphi}^2(\cdot,\cdot)\) controlled by the weight function \(\varphi(x)=\sqrt{x(1-x)}\), also in the uniform norm on \([0,1]\).