Examples of integrable sub-Riemannian geodesic flows (Q1850862)

A subbundle \(\pi\subset TM\) of the tangent bundle equipped moreover with a Riemannian metric \(g\) is called a sub-Riemannian structure and the horizontal curves \(\gamma:[0,1]\to M\) (where \(\dot\gamma \in \pi\)) that are extremals for the length \(\int^1_0\|\dot\gamma\|dt\) are called geodesics. The Hamiltonian reformulation than leads to the geodesic flow on \(T^*M\) and the author thoroughly investigates interrelations between Liouville integrability and topological entropy of the flow. We state the following result: Let \(A\in \text{SL}_n(\mathbb{Z})\) have only real positive eigenvalues. Then there exist a Goursat distribution \(\pi\) on the manifold \(M_A\) of any desired rank and a metrics \(g\) such that the geodesic flow is \(C^\infty\) integrable with positive topological entropy \(h_{\text{top}}\geq \sum\ln\lambda\) (sum over \(\lambda\in\text{Sp}^+(A))\) (unless \(A=E\)). Here, \(M_A=T_n\tilde\times_A S^1\) is the quotient by the equivalence relation \((x,t)\approx (Ax,t+1)\). The example is modified to obtain a 6-dimensional symplectic manifold such that the entropy of all nonzero Hamiltonians is positive.