Forest matrices around the Laplacian matrix (Q1855402)

For a given weighted digraph \(G\), let \(Q_k\) denote the matrix whose \((i,j)\)-entry is the sum of the weights of all spanning converging forests of \(G\) with \(k\) arcs and such that vertex \(i\) belongs to a tree rooted at vertext \(j\). The authors study these forest matrices \(Q_k\) and their connection with the Laplacian matrix of \(G\).