Hopf Galois extensions, triangular structures, and Frobenius Lie algebras in prime characteris\-tic. (Q1879634)

Let \(H\) be a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra over a field, \(A\) a left \(H\)-module algebra which is \(H^*\)-Galois with respect to its right \(H^*\)-module structure. The author discusses a Hopf algebra structure on \(E=\text{End}_HA\), which is obtained via a duality function \(D\) from finite-dimensional \(H\)-modules to finite-dimensional \(E\)-modules given by \(D(V)=\Hom_H(V,A)\). Quasitriangular structures on \(H\) and on \(E\) are in bijective correspondence. If \(R\) and \(\widetilde R\) are such structures on \(H\) and \(E\) respectively, it is shown that \(\dim A\) divides \((\text{rank\,}R)(\text{rank\,}\widetilde R)\) if \(A\) is central simple. The squares of the antipodes of \(H\) and \(E\) are related to a certain automorphism of \(A\). \(H\)-invariant generating subspaces of \(H\) and \(A\) are related to generating subspaces of \(E\) and \(E^*\), respectively. The author then applies this to a finite-dimensional \(p\)-Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\) over a field of positive characteristic \(p\). For each \(\xi\) in \({\mathfrak g}^*\), there is a finite-dimensional factor algebra \(U_\xi({\mathfrak g})\) of the universal enveloping algebra of \(\mathfrak g\). \(U_0({\mathfrak g})\) is a cocommutative Hopf algebra, and each \(U_\xi({\mathfrak g})\) is a left \(U_0({\mathfrak g})\)-module algebra. This module structure is \(U_0({\mathfrak g})^*\)-Galois if and only if \(U_\xi({\mathfrak g})\) is central simple. In this case, one thus obtains a Hopf algebra \(E_\xi=\text{End}_{\mathfrak g}(U_\xi({\mathfrak g}))\) as described above. The author relates this to quantum ideas involving Lie algebras in symmetric tensor categories and enveloping algebras of quantum Lie algebras. If \(\mathfrak g\) is Frobenius, i.e., there is a \(\xi\) whose associated bilinear form on \(\mathfrak g\) is nondegenerate, and if the base field is algebraically closed, then the family of all \(U_\xi({\mathfrak g})\) contains a simple algebra. The converse is an open question. The author finally uses all this to exhibit certain finite-dimensional Hopf algebras of positive characteristic \(p\). Their antipodes have order \(2\) or \(2p\). They admit triangular structures of maximal rank, so are isomorphic to their duals with the opposite multiplication. But they are not semisimple.