CMV matrices and little and big \(-1\) Jacobi polynomials (Q1935030)

The authors introduce a new map from polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle (OPUC) to the real line \(\mathbb{R}\). This map may be interpreted as a one-parameter generalization of the Delsarte-Genin map from OPUC to symmetric orthogonal polynomials on intervals. This new map is derived using elementary properties of the CMV polynomials (which are the unitary analogs of the Jacobi matrices). Starting from two such unitary elementary matrices \(L\) and \(M\), a 3-diagonal Jacobi matrix is defined by \(J = L + M\). The new family \(Q_n (x)\) of orthogonal polynomials on \(\mathbb{R}\) is then associated with the matrix \(J\). It is shown that the polynomials \(Q_n(x)\) coincide with the Delsarte-Genin polynomials \(\widetilde{P}_n(x)\), which are obtained from symmetric orthogonal polynomials \(S_n(x)\) via a Christoffel transform, and in the case of the Jacobi OPUC with the little \(-1\)-Jacobi polynomials. The authors then generalize their approach by considering a one-parameter family of matrices \(K(\lambda) : = L + \lambda M\), \(\lambda\in \mathbb{R}\). The matrices \(K(\lambda)\) generate new families of orthogonal polynomials \(Q_n(x;\lambda)\). It is proved that, in the case of the Jacobi OPUC, the polynomials \(Q_n(x;\lambda)\) coincide with the big \(-1\)-Jacobi polynomials which are orthogonal on the union of two intervals in \(\mathbb{R}\).