Local \( Tb \) theorems and Hardy inequalities (Q1935483)

The authors treat the space \((X,\rho,\mu)\) of homogeneous type such that \(X\) is a set equipped with a metric \(\rho\) and a non-negative Borel measure \(\mu\) on \(X\) which satisfies the doubling property \(0<\mu(B(x,2r))\leq C\mu(B(x,r))<\infty\) for every \(x\in X\) and \(r>0\). By a result of M.~Christ, there exist sets analogous to the dyadic cubes in \(\mathbb R^n\), which are called \textit{dyadic cubes} in this setting. The main theorem in this paper is the following: Let \(1<p,q<\infty\). Let \(T\) be a singular integral operator with locally bounded kernel. Assume that there exists a ``\((p,q)\) dyadic pseudo-accretive system adapted to \(T\)''. Then \(T\) extends to a bounded operator on \(L^2(X)\). This gives a partial answer to \textit{S. Hofmann}'s question (question 3.3.1 in [Contemp. Math. 505, 29--52 (2010; Zbl 1204.42023)]). It might be difficult to check ``\((p,q)\) dyadic pseudo-accretive system adapted to \(T\)''. So, the authors give another theorem in terms of balls instead of dyadic cubes: Let \(1<p,q<\infty\) such that \(1/p+1/q\leq 1\). Let \(T\) be a singular integral operator with locally bounded kernel. Assume that there exists a collection of functions \((\{b_B^1\}_B,\,\{b_B^2\}_B)\), such that there exists a constant \(C\) satisfying that for every ball \(B\) in \(X\), \(b_B^j\) is supported on \(B\), and (i) \(\int_B b_B^1d\mu=\int_B b_B^2d\mu=\mu(B)\), (ii) \(\int_B(|b_B^1|^p+|b_B^2|^q)d\mu\leq C\mu(B)\), (iii) \(\int_X(|T(b_B^1)|^{q'}+|T^*(b_B^2)|^{p'})d\mu\leq C\mu(B)\). Then \(T\) extends to a bounded operator on \(L^2(X)\). Furthermore, if (iii) is replaced by the weaker uniform bound (iii') \(\int_B(|T(b_B^1)|^{q'}+|T^*(b_B^2)|^{p'})d\mu\leq C\mu(B)\), then the conclusion still holds provided \(X\) has the Hardy property (this corresponds to a weak form of classical Hardy's inequality in \(\mathbb R\)): \[ \int_B\int_{2B\setminus B} \frac{|f(y)g(y)|}{\mu(B(x,\rho(x,y)))}d\mu(x)\,d\mu(y), \] for every ball \(B\), \(f\in L^\nu(B)\) supported on \(B\), and \(g\in L^{\nu'}(2B\setminus B)\) supported on \(2B\setminus B\). Several geometric conditions, from which Hardy property follow, are discussed, such as the monotone geodesic property of Tessera.