Kobayashi hyperbolicity of the complements of general hypersurfaces of high degree (Q1999358)

In [Hyperbolic manifolds and holomorphic mappings. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc. (1970; Zbl 0207.37902)] \textit{S. Kobayashi} made the following famous conjecture, which is often called the logarithmic Kobayashi conjecture in the literature. Conjecture (Kobayashi). The complement \(\mathbb{P}^n \backslash D\) of a general hypersurface \(D \subset \mathbb{P}^n\) of sufficiently large degree \(d \geq d_n\) is Kobayashi hyperbolic. In this paper, the authors prove that in any projective manifold, the complements of general hypersurfaces of sufficiently large degree, are Kobayashi hyperbolic. The proof also provides an effective lower bound on the degree. The naturality of the results allows us to enunciate the following quite clear version. Main Theorem. Let \(Y\) be a smooth complex projective variety having dimension at least 2. Fix any very ample line bundle \(A\) on \(Y\). Then for a general smooth hypersurface \(D \in |A^d |\) with \[ d \geq (n + 2)^{n+3} (n + 1)^{n+3}\sim_{ n \to \infty}e^3 n^{2n+6}, \] the following assertions hold. (i) The complement \(Y \backslash D\) is hyperbolically embedded into \(Y\). In particular, \(Y \backslash D\) is Kobayashi hyperbolic. (ii) For any holomorphic entire curve (possibly algebraically degenerate) \(f : \mathbb{C} \longrightarrow Y\) which is not contained in \(D\), one has \[ T_f (r, A)\leq N_f^{(1)} (r, D) + C (\log T_f (r, A) + \log r) \vert \vert .\] Here \(T_f (r, A)\) is the Nevanlinna order function, \(N_f^{(1)} (r, D)\) is the truncated counting function, and the symbol \(\vert \vert\) means that the inequality holds outside a Borel subset of \((1, + \infty)\) of finite Lebesgue measure. (iii) The (Campana) orbifold \((Y, (1 - \frac{1}{d})D)\) is orbifold hyperbolic, i.e., there exists no entire curve \(f : \mathbb{C} \longrightarrow Y\) so that \[ f(\mathbb{C})\not\subset D\quad\text{with}\quad\text{mult}_t (f^* D) \ge d\quad \text{for all}\quad t \in f^{- 1} (D). \] (iv) Let \(\pi : X \longrightarrow Y\) be the cyclic cover of \(Y\) obtained by taking the \(d\)-th root along \(D\). Then \(X\) is Kobayashi hyperbolic. The proof, based on the theory of jet differentials, is obtained by reducing the problem to the construction of a particular example with strong hyperbolicity properties. This approach relies on the construction of higher order logarithmic connections, allowing the construction logarithmic Wronskians. These logarithmic Wronskians are the building blocks of the more general logarithmic jet differentials, that the authors are able to construct. See also [\textit{D. Brotbek}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 126, 1--34 (2017; Zbl 1458.32022)] and [\textit{Y. Deng}, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 53, No. 3, 787--814 (2020; Zbl 1447.32042)]. Compare the result (iii), about the orbifold hyperbolicity for generic geometric orbifolds, with [\textit{F. Campana} et al., ``Orbifold hyperbolicity'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1803.10716}]. A result related with (iv) is due to [\textit{X. Roulleau} et al., J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 87, No. 2, 453--477 (2013; Zbl 1276.14053)]. As far as we known, the optimatility of the bound in (i) remains as an open problem. Certainly, the main theorem in the present article is a genuine constribution to the study of the Kobayashi hyperbolicity property.