Uniform rectifiability and harmonic measure. II: Poisson kernels in \(L^p\) imply uniform rectifiability (Q2017078)

A classical theorem of F. Riesz and M. Riesz asserts that if \(\Omega\) is a simply connected domain in the complex plane with rectifiable boundary \(\partial\Omega\), then the harmonic measures are absolutely continuous with respect to the arc-length measure. The extension of this result to domains in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) is deeply connected to geometric measure theory, and the rectifiability is expressed in terms of Hausdorff measures and boundedness of singular integrals. More precisely, let \(\Omega\) be a domain in \(\mathbb R^{n+1}\), \(n\geq 2\), \(H^n\) be the \(n\)-dimensional Hausdorff measure and \(\mathcal{E}(x)\) be the Newtonian kernel in \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\). The boundary \(\partial\Omega\) is {Ahlfors-David regular} if there is a constant \(C\) such that \( C^{-1}r^n\leq H^n(B\cap\partial\Omega)\leq C r^n \) for any ball \(B\) with center at \(\partial\Omega\) and radius \(r\). The boundary \(\partial\Omega\) is {uniformly rectifiable} if it is Ahlfors-David regular and \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}^{n+1}}\left| \left(\nabla^2\mathcal{E}\ast f\right)(x)\right|^2\delta(x) dx\leq C\|f\|_{L^2(\partial\Omega)}^2, \] where \(\delta\) is the distance function to the boundary and \(\ast\) denotes the convolution. Recently \textit{S. Hofmann} and \textit{J. M. Martell} proved in [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 47, No. 3, 577--654 (2014; Zbl 1302.31007)] that if \(\Omega\) satisfies the interior Corkscrew and Harnack chain conditions and \(\partial \Omega\) is uniformly rectifiable, then \newline (i) the harmonic measures are absolutely continuous with respect to the surface measure \(d\sigma\); \newline (ii) the Poisson kernel \(k^{x_0}:=d \omega^{x_0}/d\sigma\) satisfies the estimate \[ \int_{\Delta}\left(k^{x_0}\right)^pd\sigma\leq C\sigma(\Delta)^{1-p} \] for any surface ball \(\Delta\) and some \(1<p<\infty\). Here \(x_0\) is the Corkscrew point relative to \(\Delta\) and \(\omega^{x_0}\) is the harmonic measure with pole at \(x_0\). \newline In the paper under review, the authors show a converse result to the above theorem, namely, suppose \(\partial\Omega\) is Ahlfors-David regular, \(\Omega\) satisfies the interior Corkscrew and Harnack chain conditions, and in addition conditions (i) and (ii) hold, then \(\partial\Omega\) is uniformly rectifiable.