The expansion of Wronskian Hermite polynomials in the Hermite basis (Q2024540)

Let \(H_n\), \(n\ge 0\), be the classical Hermite polynomials and consider the rescaled Hermite polynomials \(\operatorname{He}_n(x) := 2^{-n/2} H_n(x/\sqrt{2})\). For a partition \(\lambda = (\lambda_1 \ge \lambda_2 \ge \cdots \ge \lambda_r)\) of \(n\) consider \[ \operatorname{He}_\lambda(x) := \frac{\operatorname{Wr}(\operatorname{He}_{n_1}(x), \ldots, \operatorname{He}_{n_r}(x))}{\Delta(n_\lambda)}, \] where \(\operatorname{Wr}\) is the Wronskian, \(n_\lambda = (\lambda_r,\lambda_{r-1}+1,\ldots,\lambda_{1}+r-1)\) is the degree vector of \(\lambda\), and \(\Delta(n_\lambda)\) is the Vandermonde determinant. The main result of the paper under review is the explicit representation of \(\operatorname{He}_\lambda(x)\) as a linear combination of \(\operatorname{He}_{n-2k}(x)\), \(0 \le k \le \lfloor \frac{n}2 \rfloor\). The explicit forrmula for the coefficients allows the authors to deduce an upper bound for the modulus of the roots of \(\operatorname{He}_\lambda(x)\) for partitions \(\lambda\) of length \(2\). Furthermore, bounds for the modulus of real and purely imaginary roots are given for general partitions. In the last section of the paper, some of the results are generalized to a larger class of polynomials, i.e., polynomials resulting from the generating function \(\exp(tx -\frac{t^q}q)\), where \(q\) is a positive integer; for \(q=2\) one recovers the Hermite polynomials \(\operatorname{He}_n(x)\).