A Pu-Bonnesen inequality (Q2035102)

The classical Pu systolic inequality establishes that \[ \mathrm{area}(g)-\frac{2}{\pi}\mathrm{sys}(g)^2\geq 0 \] for every Riemannian metric \(g\) on the real projective plane \({\mathbb R}{\mathbb P}^2\). In the paper under review the authors prove a Bonnesen-type inequality that generalizes Pu's inequality, in terms of the circumscribed \(R\) and inscribed \(r\) radii of the Euclidean embedding of the orientable double cover \(S_g\subset{\mathbb R}^3\). More precisely, they show that if \(({\mathbb R}{\mathbb P}^2,g)\) has positive Gaussian curvature, then there exists a monotone continuous function \(\lambda(t)>0\) for \(t>0\) such that \[ \dfrac{\mathrm{area}(g)}{\mathrm{sys}(g)^2}-\dfrac{2}{\pi}\geq\lambda\left(\dfrac{R-r}{\mathrm{ sys}}\right), \] where \(\lambda(t)\) is asymptotically linear as \(t\to\infty\). The authors present two different proofs of this result, using an extrinsic argument and an intrinsic approach. The first one exploits powerful tools from convexity such as John's ellipsoid theorem or Blaschke's selection theorem.