A Pu-Bonnesen inequality

Convex sets in (3) dimensions (including convex surfaces) (52A15) Length, area, volume and convex sets (aspects of convex geometry) (52A38) Surfaces in Euclidean and related spaces (53A05) Global Riemannian geometry, including pinching (53C20) Global surface theory (convex surfaces à la A. D. Aleksandrov) (53C45)

Abstract: We prove an inequality of Bonnesen type for the real projective plane, generalizing Pu's systolic inequality for positively-curved metrics. The remainder term in the inequality, analogous to that in Bonnesen's inequality, is a function of R-r (suitably normalized), where R and r are respectively the circumradius and the inradius of the Weyl-Lewy Euclidean embedding of the orientable double cover. We exploit John ellipsoids of a convex body and Pogorelov's ridigity theorem.

Review text

The classical Pu systolic inequality establishes that \[ \mathrm{area}(g)-\frac{2}{\pi}\mathrm{sys}(g)^2\geq 0 \] for every Riemannian metric \(g\) on the real projective plane \({\mathbb R}{\mathbb P}^2\). In the paper under review the authors prove a Bonnesen-type inequality that generalizes Pu's inequality, in terms of the circumscribed \(R\) and inscribed \(r\) radii of the Euclidean embedding of the orientable double cover \(S_g\subset{\mathbb R}^3\). More precisely, they show that if \(({\mathbb R}{\mathbb P}^2,g)\) has positive Gaussian curvature, then there exists a monotone continuous function \(\lambda(t)>0\) for \(t>0\) such that \[ \dfrac{\mathrm{area}(g)}{\mathrm{sys}(g)^2}-\dfrac{2}{\pi}\geq\lambda\left(\dfrac{R-r}{\mathrm{ sys}}\right), \] where \(\lambda(t)\) is asymptotically linear as \(t\to\infty\). The authors present two different proofs of this result, using an extrinsic argument and an intrinsic approach. The first one exploits powerful tools from convexity such as John's ellipsoid theorem or Blaschke's selection theorem.

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