On common extensions of valued fields (Q2035818)

Let \(v\) be a valuation on a field \(K\) and \(w\) an extension of \(v\) to the field \(K(X)\). We introduce the following objects. (i) For each strictly positive integer \(b\), we write \(\partial_b=\frac{\partial^b}{b!\partial X^b}\), the \(b\)-th formal derivative with respect to \(X\). (ii) For each polynomial \(f(X)\in K[X]\), let \(\varepsilon(f)=\max_{b\in\mathbb{N}^*}\big\{\frac{w(f)-w(\partial_bf)}{ b}\big\}\). Now, let \(Q(X)\in K[X]\) be a monic polynomial. We say that \(Q(X)\) is a key polynomial for \(w\) if for each polynomial \(f(X)\in K[X]\) satisfying \(\varepsilon(f)\geq \varepsilon(Q)\), we have \(\deg(f)\geq \mathrm{deg}(Q)\). Let \(\bar K\) be an algebraic closure of \(K\) and \(\bar v\) an extension of \(v\) to \(\bar K\). The author of this paper describe the common extensions \(\bar w\) of both \(w\) and \(\bar v\) to the field \(\bar K(X)\) using a last key polynomial for the valuation \(w\) and its roots.