A moment map picture of relative balanced metrics on extremal Kähler manifolds (Q2048281)

The authors give a moment map interpretation of some relatively balanced metric and obtain a generalization of a result by Donaldson on constant scalar curvature Kähler (cscK) metrics to the case of extremal metrics. Let \((X,\omega)\) be an \(n\)-dimensional compact Kähler manifold. We recall that extremal metrics in the sense of Calabi are critical points of the functional \(\omega \mapsto \int_X \left(S(\omega)-\underline{S}\right)^2 \frac{\omega^n}{n!}\), where \(S(\omega)\) is the scalar curvature of \(\omega\) and \(\underline{S}\) is its average. Extremal metrics include constant scalar curvature Kähler (cscK) metrics and are self-similar solutions of the Calabi flow. Let \(L\) be an ample line bundle on \(X\). For any Hermitian metric \(h\) on \(L\), consider the associated Kähler metric \(\omega_h\) on \(X\). For \(k\) large enough, consider the space \(H^{0}(X,L^{\otimes k})\) and the embedding of \(X\) into \(\mathbb{CP}^{N_k-1}\) induced by an orthonormal basis of \(H^0(X,L^{\otimes k})\) with respect to the inner product induced by \(h\). Then \(\omega_h\) is called \(k\)th balanced if it coincides with the pulled-back Fubini-Study metric. It is known by \textit{S. K. Donaldson} [J. Differ. Geom. 59, No. 3, 479--522 (2001; Zbl 1052.32017)] that, when the group of holomorphic automorphisms of \((X,L)\) is discrete, if \(X\) admits a cscK metric in \(2\pi c_1(L)\), then there exists a unique \(k\)th balanced metric for \(k\) large enough, and their sequence converges smoothly to the cscK metric. The authors generalize this result when the group of holomorphic automorphisms of \((X,L)\) is not discrete, by proving that a given extremal metric is the limit of some specific relatively balanced metrics, as introduced in [\textit{Y. Sano} and \textit{C. Tipler}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 17, No. 9, 2289--2310 (2015; Zbl 1343.53075)], see Theorem 1.1. As applications, the authors simplify Mabuchi's proof of the uniqueness of extremal metrics on polarized manifolds, see Corollary 1.3, and provide a generalization of the splitting theorem of Apostolov-Huang, see Corollary 1.4.