Nearly Gorenstein rings arising from finite graphs (Q2048561)

Let \(R\) be a Cohen-Macaulay graded \(k\)-algebra over a field \(k\) with a canonical module \(\omega_R\). The trace of \(\omega_R\) is the ideal generated by the images of \(\omega_R\) through all the homomorphisms of \(R\)-modules into \(R\), and it does not depend on the choice of \(\omega_R\). Following [\textit{J. Herzog} et al., Isr. J. Math. 233, No. 1, 133--165 (2019; Zbl 1428.13037)], a ring is said to be nearly Gorenstein if the trace of \(\omega_R\) contains the maximal graded ideal of \(R\). This notion generalizes the notion of Gorenstein rings, which are exactly the rings that are equal to the traces of their canonical modules. In this paper the authors classify the complete multipartite graphs whose edge rings are nearly Gorenstein and the perfect graphs whose stable set rings are nearly Gorenstein.