Invariant rings of sums of fundamental representations of \(\operatorname{SL}_n\) and colored hypergraphs (Q2048636)

In the paper under review, the author describes a new symbolic method, by using colored hypergraphs and by using this new method, the invariant rings of (sums of) fundamental representations of \(\operatorname{SL}_n\) are classified for \(n=4, 5\) and the relations (so called syzygies) are also obtained for \(\operatorname{SL}_4.\) The research is somewhat an extension of the previous work of \textit{F. D. Grosshans} et al. [Invariant theory and superalgebras. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (1987; Zbl 0648.15020)] which involves superalgebras and also the author's recent work about the classification of \(\operatorname{SL}_n\) representations for which their invariant rings form a complete intersection [Transform. Groups 26, No. 1, 115--144 (2021; Zbl 1482.20025)]. The paper includes many simple examples to follow the new method and showing by examples where the classical symbolic method (i.e., bracket monomials) fails but it is more convenient to do this with colored hypergraphs. The graphsums \(\Upsilon_1,\dotsc,\Upsilon_k\) are called \emph{reducibly independent} if the only reducible linear combination \(\sum a_i\Upsilon_i\) is the trivial one. Based on this definition, the main result of the paper declares that there is a bijection between maximal reducibly independent graphsums and generators of the invariant ring \(\mathbb{C}[W]^{\operatorname{SL}_n}.\) It is also worth to mention that the colored hypergraphs used are nicely plotted making it easy to follow the arguments. Moreover, in the last part (Section 7) several possible extensions of this technique are described.