The critical point and the \(p\)-norm of the Hilbert \(L\)-matrix (Q2052172)

Let \((a_n)_{n\ge 0}\) be a sequence of complex numbers. The infinite matrix \[ A=\begin{pmatrix} a_0& a_1& a_2 & a_3 &\cdots \\ a_1& a_1& a_2 & a_3 &\cdots \\ a_2& a_2& a_2 & a_3 &\cdots \\ a_3& a_3& a_3 & a_3 &\cdots \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots \end{pmatrix} \] is called an \(L\)-matrix. A special important case is the Hilbert \(L\)-matrix \[ A_s=\begin{pmatrix} \frac{1}{s}& \frac{1}{1+s}& \frac{1}{2+s}& \frac{1}{3+s} &\cdots \\ \frac{1}{1+s}& \frac{1}{1+s}& \frac{1}{2+s}& \frac{1}{3+s} &\cdots \\ \frac{1}{2+s}& \frac{1}{2+s}& \frac{1}{2+s}& \frac{1}{3+s} &\cdots \\ \frac{1}{3+s}& \frac{1}{3+s}& \frac{1}{3+s}& \frac{1}{3+s} &\cdots \\ \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \vdots & \ddots \end{pmatrix}. \] In their previous work [Oper. Matrices, 15, 3, 1045--1053 (2021); Oper. Matrices, 15, 1, 47--58 (2021)], the authors observed that \(\|A_s\|_{\ell^2\to \ell^2}=4\) for \(s\ge 1/2\). It is natural to search for the optimal range for \(s\) and thus the so-called critical point \(s_0\), which is defined as \[s_0=\inf\{s: \|A_s\|_{\ell^2\to \ell^2}=4\}.\] The authors estimate the critical point: \[\frac{\sqrt{6(8+3\sqrt{3})}-\sqrt{3}-3}{12}\le s_0\le \frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}.\] Finding better estimations for the number \(s_0\) is a quite challenging. The authors also consider the \(p\)-norm (\(p>1\)) of \(A_s\) and prove that \[\|A_s\|_{\ell^p\to \ell^p}=\frac{p^2}{p-1}, \quad s\ge 1.\] Moreover, they determine the \(2\)-norm of a special Cesàro type matrix. There are some open questions left in the concluding remarks.