Frobenius quantales, Serre quantales and the Riemann-Roch theorem (Q2118970)

\par A quantale \(Q\) is a \(\bigvee\)-semilattice equipped with an associative binary operation \(\otimes:Q\times Q\rightarrow Q\) distributing over \(\bigvee\) from both sides, i.e., \(a\otimes(\bigvee S)=\bigvee_{s\in S}(a\otimes s)\) and \((\bigvee S)\otimes a=\bigvee_{s\in S}(s\otimes a)\) for every \(a\in Q\) and every \(S\subseteq Q\). Every quantale \(Q\) has two additional binary operations \(\rightarrow_r,\rightarrow_l:Q\times Q\rightarrow Q\) given by \(a\rightarrow_r b=\bigvee\{c\in Q\,|\,a\otimes c\leqslant b\}\) and \(a\rightarrow_l b=\bigvee\{c\in Q\,|\,c\otimes a\leqslant b\}\). An element \(c\) of a quantale \(Q\) is called \textit{cyclic} provided that \(a\rightarrow_r c=a\rightarrow_l c\) for every \(a\in Q\). An element \(d\) of a quantale \(Q\) is called \textit{dualizing} provided that \((a\rightarrow_r d)\rightarrow_l d=a=(a\rightarrow_l d)\rightarrow_r d\) for every \(a\in Q\). A quantale \(Q\) is called a \textit{Girard quantale} provided that it has a cyclic dualizing element \(d\) [\textit{K. I. Rosenthal}, Quantales and their applications. Harlow: Longman Scientific \& Technical; New York: John Wiley \& Sons, Inc. (1990; Zbl 0703.06007)]. \par The present paper considers the classical Riemann-Roch theorem (which is an important result in complex geometry for the computation of the dimension of the space of meromorphic functions with prescribed zeroes and allowed poles) [\textit{S. Lang}, Introduction to algebraic and abelian functions. 2nd ed. New York-Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer-Verlag (1982; Zbl 0513.14024)] in the setting of quantales (observe that there already exist numerous proofs of this theorem). In particular, the author shows that the one-dimensional Riemann-Roch theorem can be obtained from a theorem on Girard quantales of~[\textit{K. I. Rosenthal}, Cah. Topologie Géom. Différ. Catégoriques 31, No. 1, 3--11 (1990; Zbl 0713.06005)]. Notice that Girard quantales were introduced by \textit{D. N. Yetter} [J. Symb. Log. 55, No. 1, 41--64 (1990; Zbl 0701.03026)] in view of Girard's linear logic [\textit{J.-Y. Girard}, Theor. Comput. Sci. 50, 1--102 (1987; Zbl 0625.03037)]. The present author shows that Yetter's duality is nothing else than the essence of Serre duality (the main ingredient in the Riemann-Roch theorem), while the dualizing element \(d\) corresponds to a Weil differential. \par The paper is well written, gives some of its required preliminaries, and will be of interest to the researchers studying applications of the theory of quantales.